La dieta ipocalorica bilanciata personalizzata ed il trattamento con integratori a base di antiossidanti ed w-3: quali gli effetti sullo stato della bilancia ossidativa e della fluidità delle membrane eritrocitarie in un gruppo di donne in sovrappeso?

Background. To investigate the effects of a hypocaloric balanced diet therapy and a supplementation with antioxidant and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oxidative balance and erythrocytes membrane fluidity status. Methods. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the association between a hypocaloric balanced diet therapy and a supplementation with antioxidant and ω-3 was done on 40 women with 25<BMI <33. The inclusion criteria were the following: absence of dismetabolic pathologies, of previous hypocaloric diet therapy and/or supplementation and of hormonal treatments. Each subjects consumed a balanced diet with a daily caloric intake equal to: Kcal of basal metabolism (determined by indirect calorimetry) × LAF (1.64) - 800 Kcal. At the start and after two months of treatment, the blood chemistry and anthropometrics parameters, the plasmatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defence levels and erythrocyte membrane fluidity status were measured. Results. The preliminary results of this study show that the weight loss, found in both groups investigated, determines a significant decrease of ROS. Furthermore, the association of the hypocaloric diet with antioxidant and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids caused a significant increase of both plasmatic antioxidant defences and erythrocytes membrane fluidity status. Conclusions. The correlations found between the above parameters and the blood chemistry and anthropometrics variables suggest that the supplementation with antioxidant and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could ameliorate the effects of hypocaloric diet on the obesity treatment and may give some clinical benefit through the decrease of the values of atherosclerosis risk factors.