CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System
IRIS è la soluzione IT che facilita la raccolta e la gestione dei dati relativi alle attività e ai prodotti della ricerca. Fornisce a ricercatori, amministratori e valutatori gli strumenti per monitorare i risultati della ricerca, aumentarne la visibilità e allocare in modo efficace le risorse disponibili.

Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and-2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle-and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results: In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 percent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low-compared with middle-and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion: Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone.
Scheda prodotto non validato
Attenzione! I dati visualizzati non sono stati sottoposti a validazione da parte dell'ateneo
Titolo: | Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection |
Autori: | Glasbey, James C Adisa, Adewale O Costas‐Chavarri, Ainhoa Qureshi, Ahmad U Allen‐Ingabire, Jean C Salem, Hosni Khairy Kojo, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Tabiri, Stephen Nepogodiev, Dmitri Lilford, Richard J Harrison, Ewen M Pinkney, Thomas D Smart, Neil Bhangu, Aneel Verjee, Azmina Runigamugabo, Emmy Glasbey, James Bhangu, Aneel Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O Adisa, Adewale O Aguilera, Maria Lorena Altamini, Afnan Alexander, Philip Al‐Saqqa, Sara W Borda‐Luque, Giuliano Cornick, Jen Costas‐Chavarri, Ainhoa Drake, Thomas M Fergusson, Stuart J Fitzgerald, J Edward Glasbey, James Ingabire, J. C Allen Ismaïl, Lawani Jaffry, Zahra Salem, Hosni Khairy Khatri, Chetan Kirby, Andrew Kojo, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Lapitan, Marie Carmela Lilford, Richard Mihaljevic, Andre L Mohan, Midhun Morton, Dion Mutabazi, Alphonse Zeta Nepogodiev, Dmitri Ntirenganya, Faustin Ots, Riinu Pata, Francesco Pinkney, Thomas Poškus, Tomas Qureshi, Ahmad Uzair Medina, Antonio Ramos‐De Rayne, Sarah Recinos, Gustavo Søreide, Kjetil Shaw, Catherine A Shu, Sebastian Spence, Richard Smart, Neil Tabiri, Stephen Lilford, Richard Morton, Dion Harrison, Ewen M Bhangu, Aneel Khatri, Chetan Gobin, Neel Freitas, Ana Vega Hall, Nigel Kim, Sung‐Hee Negida, Ahmed Khairy, Hosni Jaffry, Zahra Chapman, Stephen J Arnaud, Alexis P Tabiri, Stephen Recinos, Gustavo Manipal, Cutting Edge Mohan, Midhun Amandito, Radhian Shawki, Marwan Hanrahan, Michael Pata, Francesco Zilinskas, Justas Roslani, April Camilla Goh, Cheng Chun Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O Irwin, Gareth Shu, Sebastian Luque, Laura Shiwani, Hunain Altamimi, Afnan Alsaggaf, Mohammed Ubaid Fergusson, Stuart J Spence, Richard Rayne, Sarah Jeyakumar, Jenifa Cengiz, Yucel Raptis, Dmitri A Glasbey, James C Modolo, Maria Marta Iyer, Dushyant King, Sebastian Arthur, Tom Nahar, Sayeda Nazmum Waterman, Ade Ismaïl, Lawani Walsh, Michael Agarwal, Arnav Zani, Augusto Firdouse, Mohammed Rouse, Tyler Liu, Qinyang Correa, Juan Camilo Salem, Hosni Khairy Talving, Peep Worku, Mengistu Arnaud, Alexis Tabiri, Stephen Kalles, Vassilis Aguilera, Maria Lorena Recinos, Gustavo Kumar, Basant Kumar, Sunil Amandito, Radhian Quek, Roy Pata, Francesco Altibi, Ahmed Venskutonis, Donatas Zilinskas, Justas Poskus, Tomas Whitaker, John Msosa, Vanessa Tew, Yong Yong Farrugia, Alexia Borg, Elaine Medina, Antonio Ramos‐De Bentounsi, Zineb Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O Søreide, Kjetil Gala, Tanzeela Al‐Slaibi, Ibrahim Tahboub, Haya Alser, Osaid H. Romani, Diego Shu, Sebestian Major, Piotr Mironescu, Aurel Bratu, Matei Kourdouli, Amar Ndajiwo, Aliyu Altwijri, Abdulaziz Alsaggaf, Mohammed Ubaid Gudal, Ahmad Jubran, Al Faifi Seisay, Sam Lieske, Bettina Rayne, Sarah Spence, Richard Ortega, Irene Jeyakumar, Jenifa Senanayake, Kithsiri J. Abdulbagi, Omar Cengiz, Yucel Raptis, Dmitri Altinel, Yuksel Kong, Chia Teasdale, Ella Irwin, Gareth Stoddart, Michael Kabariti, Rakan Suresh, Sukrit Gash, Katherine Narayanan, Ragavan Maimbo, Mayaba Fermani, Claudio Balmaceda, Ruben Modolo, Maria Marta Macdermid, Ewan Gobin, Neel Chenn, Roxanne Yong, Cheryl Ou Edye, Michael Jarmin, Martin D'amours, Scott K Iyer, Dushyant Youssef, Daniel Phillips, Nicholas Brown, Jason George, Robert Koh, Cherry Warren, Oliver Hanley, Isaac Dickfos, Marilla Nawara, Clemens Öfner, Dietmar Primavesi, Florian Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman Mahmud, Khalid Hussain, Margub Hakim, Hafiz Kumar, Tapan Oosterkamp, Antje Assouto, Pamphile A Lawani, Ismail Souaibou, Yacoubou Imorou Tun, Aung Kyaw Chong, Chean Leung Devadasar, Giridhar H Chong, Chean Leung Qadir, Muhammad Rashid Minhas Aung, Kyaw Phyo Yeo, Lee Shi Chong, Chean Leung Castillo, Vanessa Dina Palomino Munhoz, Monique Moron Moreira, Gisele De Castro Segundo, Luiz Carlos Barros Ferreira, Salim Anderson Khouri Careta, Maíra Cassa Kim, Stella Binna De Sousa, Alexandre Venancio Cury, Alyne Daltri Lazzarini Miguel, Gustavo Peixoto Soares De Freitas, Ana Vega Carreiro Guasti, Barbara Pereira Silvestre Julia Vianna, Pinto Felipe, Carolina Oliveira Laufer, Luis Alberto Valente Altoe, Fernanda Da Silva, Luana Ayres Pimenta, Marina Luiza Giuriato, Thiago Fernandes Morais, Paulo Alves Bezerra Araujo, Jessica Souza Luiz Rafael Menegussi, Juliana Leal, Marisa Lima, Caio Vinícius Barroso Tatagiba, Luiza Sarmento Leal, Antônio Santos, Diogo Vinicius Fraga, Gustavo Pereira Simoes, Romeo Lages Stock, Simon Nigo, Samuel Kabba, Juana Ngwa, Tagang Ebogo Brown, James King, Sebastian Zani, Augusto Azzie, Georges Firdouse, Mohammed Kushwaha, Sameer Agarwal, Arnav Bailey, Karen Cameron, Brian Livingston, Michael Horobjowsky, Alexandre Deckelbaum, Dan L Razek, Tarek Marinkovic, Boris Grasset, Eugenio D'aguzan, Nicole Grasset, Eugenio Jimenez, Julio Macchiavello, Roberto Zhang, Zhongtao Guo, Wei Oh, Junyeong Zheng, Fei Montes, Irene Sierra, Sebastian Mendez, Manuela Villegas, Maria Isabel Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza Mendoza, Ivan Naranjo Aristizã¡bal, Fred Alexander Botero, Jaime Andres Montoya Riaza, Victor Manuel Quintero Restrepo, Jakeline Morales, Carlos Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza Cruz, Herman Munera, Alejandro Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza Karlo, Robert Domini, Edgar Mihanovic, Jakov Radic, Mihael Zamarin, Kresimir Pezelj, Nikica Hache‐Marliere, Manuel Lemaire, Sylvia Batista Rivas, Ruben Khyrallh, Ahmed Hassan, Ahamed Shimy, Gamal Baky Fahmy, Mohamed A Nabawi, Ayman Elfil, Mohamed Ghoneem, Mohamed Gohar, Muhammad El‐Saied Ahmad Muhammad Asal, Mohamed Abdelkader, Mostafa Gomah, Mahmoud Rashwan, Hayssam Karkeet, Mohamed Gomaa, Ahmed Hasan, Amr Elgebaly, Ahmed Saleh, Omar Fattah, Ahmad Abdel Gouda, Abdullah Elshafay, Abd Elrahman Gharib, Abdalla Menshawy, Ahmed Hanafy, Mohammed Al‐Mallah, Abdullah Abdulgawad, Mahmoud Baheeg, Mohamad Alhendy, Mohammed AbdelFattah, Ibrahim Kenibar, Abdalla Osman, Omar Gemeah, Mostafa Mohammed, Ahmed Adel, Abdalrahman Gharib, Abdalla Mohammed, Abdelrahman Sayed, Abdelrahman Abozaid, Mohamed Kotb, Ahmed Hafez El‐Badri Ata, Ali Amin Ahmed Nasr, Mohammed Alkammash, Abdelrahman Saeed, Mohammed El Hamid, Nader Abd Attia, Attia Mohamed El Galeel, Ahmed Abd Elbanby, Eslam El‐Dien, Khalid Salah Hantour, Usama Alahmady, Omar Mansour, Billal Elkorashy, Amr Muhammad Taha, Emad Mohamed Saeed Lasheen, Kholod Tarek Elkolaly, Salma Said Abdel‐Wahab, Nehal Yosri Elsayed Abozyed, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi Adel, Ahmed Saeed, Ahmed Moustafa El Sayed, Gehad Samir Youssif, Jehad Hassan Ahmed, Soliman Magdy El‐Shahat, Nermeen Soubhy Khedr, Abd El‐Rahman Hegazy Elsebaaye, Abdelrhman Osama Elzayat, Mohamed Abdelraheim, Mohamed Elzayat, Ibrahim Warda, Mahmoud El Deen, Khaled Naser Elnemr, Abdelrhman Essam Salah, Omar Abbas, Mohamed Rashad, Mona Elzayyat, Ibrahim Hemeda, Dalia Tawfik, Gehad Salama, Mai Khaled, Hazem Seisa, Mohamed Elshaer, Kareem Hussein, Abdelfatah Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud Afifi, Ahmed Mohamed Ebrahim, Osama Saadeldeen Metwally, Mahmoud Mohamed Elmelegy, Rowida Elsawahly, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary Safa, Hisham Nofal, Eman Elbermawy, Mohamed Ghazy, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Samih, Hisham Abdelgelil, Asmaa Abdelghany, Sarah El Kholy, Ahmed Aboraya, Metwally Elkady, Fatma Salma, Mahmoud Samy, Sarah Fakher, Reem Aboarab, Aya Samir, Ahmed Sakr, Ahmed Haroun, Abdelrahman Al‐Aarag, Asmaa Abdel‐Rahman Elkholy, Ahmed Elshanwany, Sally Ghanem, Esraa Tammam, Ahmed Hammad, Ali Mohamed El Shoura, Yousra El Ashal, Gehad Khairy, Hosni Antar, Sarah Mehrez, Sara Abdelshafy, Mahmoud Hamad, Maha Gamal Mohamad Hosh, Mona Abdallah, Emad Magdy, Basma Alzayat, Thuraya Gamaly, Elsayed Elfeki, Hossam Abouzahra, Amany Elsheikh, Shereen Elgendy, Fatimah I El‐Salam, Fathia Abd Seifelnasr, Osama Ammar, Mohamed Eysa, Athar Sadek, Aliaa Toeema, Aliaa Gamal Nasr, Aly Abuseif, Mohamed Zidan, Hagar Barakat, Sara Abd Elmageed Elsayed, Nadin Elrasoul, Yasmin Abd Elkelany, Ahmed Ammar, Mohamed Sabry Mustafa, Mennat‐Allah Hegazy, Yasmin Etman, Mohamed Saad, Samar Alrahawy, Mahmoud Raslan, Ahmed Morsi, Mahmoud Rslan, Ahmed Sabry, Ahmed Elwakil, Hager Shaker, Heba Zidan, Hagar Abd‐Elrasoul, Yasmin Elkelany, Ahmed El‐Kashef, Hussein Shaalan, Mohamed Tarek, Areej Elwan, Ayman Nayel, Ahmed Ragab Seif, Mostafa Elwan, Ayman Emadeldin, Doaa Ghonaim, Mohamed Ali Almallah, Ahmad Fouad, Ahmed Sayma, Eman Adel Elbatahgy, Ahmad El‐Ma'doul, Angham Solaiman Mosad, Ahmed Tolba, Hager Elsorogy, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin Mostafa, Hassan Ali Omar, Amira Atef El Hameed, Ola Sherief Abd Lasheen, Ahmed El Salam, Yasser Abd Morsi, Ashraf Ismail, Mohammed El‐badawy, Hager Ahmed Amer, Mohamed A Elkelany, Ahmed Elkelany, Ahmed El‐Hamouly, Ahmed Sabry Attallah, Noura A. Mosalum, Omnia Afandy, Ahmed Mokhtar, Ahmed Abouelnasr, Alaa Ayad, Sara Shaker, Ramdan Sakr, Rokia Shaker, Ramadan Amreia, Mahmoud Elsobky, Soaad Mustafa, Mohamed El Magd, Ahmed Abo Marey, Abeer Hafez, Amr Tarek Zalabia, Mohamed F Mohamed, Mohamed Moamen Fadel, Amr Ahmed, Emad Ali Ali, Ahmad Alwafai, Mohammad Ghassan Dwydar, Abdullah Kharsa, Sara Mamdouh, Ehab El‐Sheemy, Hatem AlYoussef, Ibrahim Aly, Abouelatta Khairy Aldalaq, Ahmad Alnawam, Ehab Alkhabbaz, Dalia Saad, Mahmoud Hussein, Shady Elazayem, Ahmed Abo Meshref, Ahmed Elashmawy, Marwa Mousa, Mohammed Nashaat, Ahmad Ghanem, Sara Elsayed, Zaynab M Elwaey, Aya Elkadsh, Iman Darweesh, Mariam Mohameden, Ahmed Hafez, Mennaallah Badr, Ahmed Badwy, Assmaa El Slam, Mohamed Abd Elazoul, Mohamed Al‐Nahrawi, Safwat Eldamaty, Lotfy Nada, Fathee Ameen, Mohamed Hagar, Aya Elsehimy, Mohamed Aboraya, Mohammad Dawoud, Hossam El Mesery, Shorouk El Gendy, Abeer Abdelkareem, Ahmed Marey, Ahmed Safwan Allam, Mostafa Shehata, Sherif Abozeid, Khaled Elshobary, Marwa Fahiem, Ahmed Sarsik, Sameh Hashish, Amel Zidan, Mohamed Hashish, Mohamed Aql, Shaimaa Elhendawy, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz Husseini, Mohamed Kasem, Esraa Gheith, Ahmed Elfouly, Yasmin Soliman, Ahmed Ragab Ibrahim, Yasmein Elfouly, Nesma Fawzy, Ahmed Hassan, Ahmed Rashid, Mohammad Elsherbiny, Abdallah Salah Sieda, Basem Badwi, Nermin M Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohamed, Osama Habeeb, Mohammad Abdulkhalek Worku, Mengistu Starr, Nichole Desta, Semay Wondimu, Sahlu Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum Thomas, Efeson Asele, Frehun Ayele Dabessa, Daniel Abebe, Nebiyou Seyoum Zerihun, Abebe Bekele Mentula, Panu Leppäniemi, Ari Sallinen, Ville Scalabre, Aurelien Frade, Fernanda Irtan, Sabine Graffeille, Vivien Gaignard, Elodie Alimi, Quentin Alimi, Quentin Graffieille, Vivien Gaignard, Elodie Abbo, Olivier Mouttalib, Sofia Bouali, Ourdia Hervieux, Erik Aigrain, Yves Botto, Nathalie Faure, Alice Fievet, Lucile Panait, Nicoleta Eyssartier, Emilie Schmitt, Francoise Podevin, Guillaume Parent, Valentine Martin, Amandine Arnaud, Alexis Pierre Muller, Cecile Bonnard, Arnaud Peycelon, Matthieu Abantanga, Francis Boakye‐Yiadom, Kwaku Bukari, Mohammed Owusu, Frank Awuku‐Asabre, Joseph Tabiri, Stephen Bray, Lemuel Davies Lytras, Dimitrios Psarianos, Kyriakos Bamicha, Anastasia Kefalidi, Eirini Gemenetzis, Georgios Dervenis, Christos Gouvas, Nikolaos Agalianos, Christos Kontos, Michail Kouraklis, Gregory Karousos, Dimitrios Germanos, Stylianos Marinos, Constantinos Anthoulakis, Christos Nikoloudis, Nikolaos Mitroudis, Nikolaos Recinos, Gustavo Estupinian, Sergio Forno, Walter Azmitia, José René Arévalo Cabrera, Carla Cecilia Ramãrez Guevara, Romeo Aguilera, Maria Mendez, Napoleon Mendizabal, Cesar Augusto Azmitia Ramazzini, Pablo Urquizu, Mario Contreras Tale, Fernando Soley, Rafael Barrios, Emanuel Barrios, Emmanuel Rodríguez, Daniel Estuardo Marroquín Velásquez, Carlos Iván Pérez Mérida, Sara María Contreras Regalado, Francisco Lopez, Mario Siguantay, Miguel Lam, Fong Yee Szeto, Kylie Joan‐yi Szeto, Charing Cheuk Ling Li, Wing Sum Li, Kieran Ka Kei Leung, Man Fung Mak, Tony Ng, Simon Prasad, SS Kirishnan, Anand Gyanchandani, Nidhi Kumar, Bylapudi Seshu Rangarajan, Muthukumaran Bhat, Sriram Sreedharan, Anjana Kinnera, S. V. Reddy, Yella Venugopal, Caranj Kumar, Sunil Mittal, Abhishek Nadkarni, Shravan Lakshmi, Harish Neelamraju Malik, Puneet Limaye, Neel Pai, Srinivas Jain, Pratik Khajanchi, Monty Satoskar, Savni Satoskar, Rajeev Mahamood, Abid Bin Sutanto, Eldaa Prisca Refianti Soeselo, Daniel Ardian Tedjaatmadja, Chintya Rahmawati, Fitriana Nur Amandito, Radhian Mayasari, Maria Al‐Hasani, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad Al‐Hameedi, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem Ibraheem, Hasan Ismael Al‐Azraqi, Israa Abdullah Aziz Sabeeh, Lubna Kamil, Rahma Shawki, Marwan Telfah, Muwaffaq Mezeil Rasendran, Amoudtha Sheehan, Jacqueline Kerley, Robert Normile, Caoimhe Gilbert, Richard William Song, Jiheon Dablouk, Mohamed Mauro, Linnea Dablouk, Mohammed Osman Hanrahan, Michael Kielty, Paul Marks, Eleanor Gosling, Simon Mccarthy, Michelle Rasendran, Amoudtha Mirghani, Diya Naqvi, Syed Altaf Wong, Chee Siong Chung, Siyi D'cruz, Reuban Cahill, Ronan Gosling, Simon George Mccarthy, Michelle Rasendran, Amoudtha Fahy, Ciara Song, Jiheon Hanrahan, Michael Cadogan, Diana Duarte Powell, Anna Gilbert, Richard Clifford, Caroline Normile, Caoimhe Driscoll, Aoife Paul, Stassen Lee, Chris Bowe, Ross Hutch, William Hanrahan, Michael Mohan, Helen O'neill, Maeve Mealy, Kenneth Danelli, Piergiorgio Bondurri, Andrea Maffioli, Anna Pasini, Mario Pata, Giacomo Roncali, Stefano Silvani, Paolo Carlucci, Michele Faccincani, Roberto Bonavina, Luigi Macchitella, Yuri Ceriani, Chiara Tugnoli, Gregorio Di Saverio, Salomone Khattab, Khaled Paludi, Miguel Angel Pata, Domenica Cloro, Luigi Maria Allegri, Andrea Ansaloni, Luca Coccolini, Federico Veronese, Ezio Bortolasi, Luca Hasheminia, Alireza Nastri, Giacomo Canto, Massimiliano Dal Cucumazzo, Stefano Pata, Francesco Benevento, Angelo Tessera, Gaetano Grandinetti, Pier Paolo Maniscalco, Alessio Lamanna, Giovanni Luca Turati, Luca Sgroi, Giovanni Rausa, Emanuele Villa, Roberta Monteleone, Michela Merlini, David Coccolini, Federico Ansaloni, Luca Allegri, Andrea Grassi, Veronica Cirocchi, Roberto Cacurri, Alban Waleed, Hamza Diab, Ahmed Elzowawi, Fathi Jokubauskas, Mantas Varkalys, Karolis Venskutonis, Donatas Pranevicius, Robertas Ambrozeviciute, Viktorija Juciute, Simona Skardžiukaitė, Austė Venskutonis, Donatas Bradulskis, Saulius Urbanavicius, Linas Austraite, Aiste Riauka, Romualdas Zilinskas, Justas Dambrauskas, Zilvinas Karumnas, Paulius Urniezius, Zigmantas Zilinskiene, Reda Rudzenskaite, Anele Usaityte, Ausrine Montrimaite, Margarita Kaselis, Nerijus Strazdas, Andrius Jokubonis, Kristijonas Maceviciute, Kornelija Beisa, Virgilijus Poskus, Tomas Strupas, Kestutis Laugzemys, Erikas Kolosov, Andrej Jotautas, Valdemaras Rakita, Ignas Mikalauskas, Saulius Kazanavicius, Darius Rackauskas, Rokas Strupas, Kestutis Poskus, Tomas Beisa, Virgilijus Rakauskas, Ritauras Preckailaite, Egle Coomber, Ross Johnson, Kenneth Nowers, Jennifer Periasammy, Dineshwary Salleh, Afizah Das, Andre Tze, Reuben Goh Ern Kumar, Milaksh Nirumal Abdullah, Nik Azim Nik Kosai, Nik Ritza Taher, Mustafa Rajan, Reynu Chong, Hoong Yin Roslani, April Camilla Goh, Cheng Chun Agius, Marija Borg, Elaine Bezzina, Maureen Bugeja, Roberta Vella‐Baldacchino, Martinique Spina, Andrew Psaila, Josephine Francois‐Coridon, Helene Tolg, Cecilia Colombani, Jean‐Francois Diaz‐Zorrilla, Carmina De La Medina, Antonio Ramos‐ Gonzalez, Samantha Corro‐Diaz Jacobe, Mário Mapasse, Domingos Snyder, Elizabeth Oumer, Ramadan Osman, Mohammed Mohammad, Aminu Anyanwu, Lofty‐John Sheshe, Abdulrahman Adesina, Alaba Faturoti, Olubukola Taiwo, Ogechukwu Ibrahim, Muhammad Habib Nasir, Abdulrasheed A Suleiman, Siyaka Itopa Adeniyi, Adewale Adesanya, Opeoluwa Adebanjo, Ademola Osuoji, Roland Atobatele, Kazeem Ogunyemi, Ayokunle Williams, Omolara Oludara, Mobolaji Oshodi, Olabode Ademuyiwa, Adesoji Lawal, AbdulRazzaq Oluwagbemiga Alakaloko, Felix Elebute, Olumide Osinowo, Adedapo Bode, Christopher Adesuyi, Abidemi Tade, Adesoji Adekoya, Adeleke Nwokoro, Collins Ayandipo, Omobolaji O Lawal, Taiwo Akeem Ajao, Akinlabi E Ali, Samuel Sani Odeyemi, Babatunde Olori, Samson Popoola, Ademola Adeyeye, Ademola Adeniran, James Lossius, William J. Havemann, Ingemar Thorsen, Kenneth Narvestad, Jon Kristian Soreide, Kjetil Wold, Trude Beate Nymo, Linn Elsiddig, Mohammed Dar, Manzoor Bhopal, Kamran Faisal Iftikhar, Zainab Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin Nighat, Bakhtiar Jawaid, Masood Khalique, Abdul Zil‐E‐Ali, Ahsan Rashid, Anam Dharamshi, Hasnain Abbas Naqvi, Tahira Faraz, Ahmad Anwar, Abdul Wahid Yaseen, Tahir Muhammad Shamsi, Ghina Shamim Shamsi, Ghina Yaseen, Tahir Anwer, Wahid Decoud, Horacio Paredes Aguilera, Omar Alvarez, Ismael Isaac Zelada Delgado, Juan Marcelo Vega, Gustavo Miguel Machain Lohse, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Aguilar, Wendy Leslie Messa Chiong, Jose Antonio Cabala Bautista, Ana Cecilia Manchego Huaman, Eduardo Zegarra, Sergio Camacho, Rony Celis, Jose María Vergara Pozo, Diego Alonso Romani Hamasaki, José Temoche, Edilberto Herrera‐Matta, Jaime Torres, Carla Pierina García Barreda, Luis Miguel Alvarez Ojeda, Ronald Renato Barrionuevo Garaycochea, Octavio Mollo, Melanie Castro Delgado, Mitchelle Solange De Fã Tima Linare Fujii, Francisco Bautista, Ana Cecilia Manchego Aguilar, Wendy Leslie Messa Chiong, Jose Antonio Cabala Durand, Susana Yrma Aranzabal Basto, Carlos Alejandro Arroyo Rojas, Nelson Manuel Urbina Yip, Sebastian Bernardo Shu Vergara, Ana Lucia Contreras Moran, Andrea Echevarria Rosas Luque, Giuliano Borda Castro, Manuel Rodriguez Jaramillo, Ramon Alvarado Sila, George Manrique Lopez, Crislee Elizabeth De Leon, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze Machaca, Massiell Huaraya, Ronald Coasaca Arenas, Andy López, Crislee Puma, Clara Milagros Herrera Pino, Wilfredo Hinojosa, Christian De Leon, Melanie Zapata Ponze Limache, Susan Sila, George Manrrique Rodriguez, Layza‐Alejandra Mercado Melo, Renato Costa‐Maia, Jose Muralha, Nuno Sauvat, Frederique Dan, Ionasc Hogea, Mircea Eduard, Pandi Bratu, Razvan‐Matei Beuran, Mircea Diaconescu, Ionut‐Bogdan Martian, Bogdan‐Valeriu Iordache, Florin‐Mihail Vartic, Mihaela Vida, Lucian Corneliu Muntean, Liviu Iuliu Mironescu, Aurel Sandu Nsengimana, Vizir Jean Paul Niragire, Alice Ingabire, Jean De La Croix Allen Niyirera, Eugene Zanini, Nicola Jovine, Elio Landolfo, Giovanni Alomar, Ibrahim N. Alnuqaydan, Saleh A. Altwigry, Abdulrahman M. Othman, Moayad Osman, Nohad Alqahtani, Enas Alzahrani, Mohammed Alyami, Rifan Aljohani, Emad Alhabli, Ibrahim Mikwar, Zaher Almuallem, Sultan Aljohani, Emad Alyami, Rifan Alzahrani, Mohammed Nawawi, Abrar Bakhaidar, Mohamad Maghrabi, Ashraf A. Alsaggaf, Mohammed Aljiffry, Murad Altaf, Abdulmalik Khoja, Ahmad Habeebullah, Alaa Akeel, Nouf Ghandora, Nashat Almoflihi, Abdullah Huwait, Abdulmalik Al‐shammari, Abeer Al‐Mousa, Mashael Alghamdi, Masood Adham, Walid Albeladi, Bandar Alfarsi, Muayad Ahmed Mahdi, Atif Al Awwad, Saad Altamimi, Afnan Nouh, Thamer Hassanain, Mazen Aldhafeeri, Salman Sadig, Nawal Algohary, Osama Aledrisy, Mohannad Gudal, Ahmad Alrifaie, Ahmad AlRowais, Mohammed Althwainy, Amani Shabkah, Alaa Alamoudi, Uthman Alrajraji, Mawaddah Alghamdi, Basim Aljohani, Saud Daqeeq, Abdullah Al‐Faifi, Jubran J Jennings, Vicky Ngayu, Nyawira Moore, Rachel Kong, Victor Kretzmann, Hayden Connor, Katie Nel, Daniel Sampson, Colleen Spence, Richard Panieri, Eugenio Rayne, Sarah Sishuba, Nosisa Tun, Myint Mphatsoe, Albert Mohale Carreira, Jo‐Anne Teasdale, Ella Wagener, Mark Botes, Stefan Du Plessis, Danelo Fernandez‐Bueno, Fernando Aguilar‐Jimenez, Jose Garcia‐Marin, Jose Andres García, Lorena Solar Florez, Luis Joaquín García Pacheco, Rubén Darío Arias Pagnozzi, Janet Quezada, Jimy Harold Jara Rodicio, Jose Luis Minguez, German Rodríguez‐Uría, Raquel Ugalde, Paul Lopez‐Arevalo, Camilo Barneo, Luis Stuva, Jessica Patricia Gonzales Ortega‐Vazquez, Irene Rodriguez, Lorena Herrera, Norberto Arachchi, Prasad Pitigala Senanayake, Wanigasekara Senanayake, Mudiyanselage Kithsiri Janakantha Arachchige, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasoori Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya Samaraweera, Dulan Irusha Thanusan, Vimalakanthan Musa, Ahmed Elgaili Khalid Balila, Reem Mohammed Hassan Mohamed, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad Ali, Hussein Elabdin, Hagir Zain Hassan, Alaa Mahdi, Sefeldin Ahmed, Hala Idris, Sahar Abdoun Ishag Elsayed, Makki Elsayed, Mohammed Mahmoud, Mohamed Boijsen, Magnus Lundgren, Per‐Olof Gustafsson, Ulf Kiasat, Ali Wogensen, Fredrik Wogensen, Fredrik Jurdell, Emma Thorell, Anders Thorarinsdottir, Hildur Utter, Maria Sundstrom, Sami Martin Wredberg, Cecilia Kjellin, Ann Nyberg, Johanna Frisk, Bjorn Sund, Malin Andersson, Linda Gunnarsson, Ulf Cengiz, Yücel Ahlqvist, Sandra Björklund, Ida Royson, Hanna Weber, Per Pahlsson, Hans‐Ivar Borin, Eva Hjertberg, Maria Royson, Hanna Weber, Per Schmid, Roger Schivo, Debora Despotidis, Vasileios Breitenstein, Stefan Staerkle, Ralph F Schadde, Erik Deichsel, Fabian Gerosa, Alexandra Nocito, Antonio Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle Mijuskovic, Barbara Zuber, Markus Eisner, Lukas Kruspi, Swantje Reinisch, Katharina Beate Schoewe, Christin Novak, Allan Palma, Adrian F. Teufelberger, Gerfried Kimaro, Msafiri King, Rachel Balkan, Ali Zeynel Abidin Gumar, Mehmet Yavuz, Mehmet Ali Karabacak, Ufuk Lap, Gokhan Ozkan, Bahar Busra Ozkan, Bahar Busra Karakahya, Murat Adams, Ryan Morton, Robert Henderson, Liam Gratton, Ruth Clement, Keiran David Chang, Kate Yu‐Ching Mcnish, David Mcintosh, Ryan Milligan, William Skelly, Brendan Anderson‐Knight, Hannah Lawther, Roger Onimowo, Jemina Shatkar, Veereanna Tharmalingam, Shivanee Woin, Evelina Fautz, Tessa Ziff, Oliver Dindyal, Shiva Arman, Sam Talukder, Shagorika Arman, Sam Gadhvi, Vijay Talukder, Shagorika Chew, Luen Shaun Heath, Jonathan Blencowe, Natalie Hallam, Sally Gash, Katherine Mannu, Gurdeep Singh Zachariades, Dimitris‐Christos Snaith, Ailsa Claire Hettiarachchi, Thusitha Sampath Nesaratnam, Arjun Wheeler, James McCullagh, Darragh Clements, Joshua Michael Khan, Ata Koumpa, Foteini Neophytou, Christina Roth, Jessica Soon, Wai Cheong Deputy, Mohammed Ahmed, Ahmed Ashton, Annelisse Vincent, Joe Almy, Jack Khan, Taufiq Allen, John Lee Y Mcintyre, Charlotte Jane Marshall, Dominic Charles Sykes, Mark Behar, Nebil Jordan, Harriet Rajjoub, Yaseen Sherman, Thomas White, Timothy Watts, Anna Ardley, Rohan Arulampalam, Tan Shah, Apar Brown, Damien Blower, Emma Sutton, Paul Gasteratos, Konstantinos Vimalachandran, Dale Magee, Cathy Irwin, Gareth Mcguigan, Andrew Mcaleer, Stephen Morgan, Clare Braungart, Sarah Lafferty, Kirsten Labib, Peter Tanase, Andrei Mangan, Clodagh Reza, Lillian Reza, Lillian Tanase, Andrei Mangan, Clodagh Woodward, Helen Gouldthorpe, Craig Turner, Megan Wild, Jonathan R L Malik, Tom AM Proctor, Victoria K Hewage, Kalon Davies, James Dubois, Andre Sarwary, Sayed Zardab, Ali Grant, Alan Mcintyre, Robert Mogan, Yogendra Praveen Ho, Weiguang Chong, Bryon Frankie Hon Khi Tewari, Shirish Humm, Gemma Farinella, Eriberto Hall, Nigel J Wright, Naomi J Major, Christina P Xerri, Thelma De Bono, Phoebe Amin, Jasim Farhad, Mustafa Camilleri‐Brennan, John F. Robertson, Andrew G N Xerri, Thelma Swann, Joanna Richards, James Amin, Jasim Jabbar, Aijaz De Bono, Phoebe Attard, Myranda Burns, Hannah Macdonald, Euan Baldacchino, Matthew Skehan, Jennifer Camilleri‐Brennan, Julian Hall, Tom Falconer Gimzewska, Madelaine Mclachlan, Greta Shah, Jamie Giles, James Chiu, Selina Weber, Beatrix Chiu, Selina Man Yeng Highcock, Saskia Hassan, Maleeha Beasley, William Vlachogiorgos, Apostolos Dias, Stephen Maharaj, Geta Mcdonald, Rosie Macdonald, Alisdair Witherspoon, Paul Baird, Alan Sarmah, Panchali Green, Nikki Youssef, Haney Cross, Kate Rees, Clare M Van Duren, Bernard Upchurch, Emma Khan, Khurram Abudeeb, Haytham Hammad, Ahmed Karandikar, Sharad Bowley, Doug Karim, Ahmed Chachulski, Witold Richardson, Liam Dawnay, Giles Thompson, Ben Mistry, Ajayesh Bhangu, Aneel Ghetia, Millika Roy, Sudipta Al‐Obaedi, Ossama Ghetia, Millika Das, Kaustuv Prabhudesai, Ash Cocker, DM Tan, Jessica Juliana Tyler, Robert Di Franco, Filippo Ayyar, Shruti Vivekanantham, Sayinthen Gokani, Shyam Gillespie, Michael Gudlaugsdottir, Katrin Pezas, Theodore Currow, Chelise Kim, Matthew Young‐Han Birring, Amerdip Edwards, Joanne Ali, Ased Das, Suparna Jha, Madan Atkinson, Kieran Luck, Joshua Fozard, Thomas Puttick, Michael Salama, Yahya Shah, Rohi Ibrahem, Ahmad Aboelkassem Ebdewi, Hamdi Gravante, Gianpiero El‐Rabaa, Saleem Nnajiuba, Henry Allott, Rebecca Bhargava, Aman Chan, Zoe Hassan, Zaffar Makinde, Misty Hemingway, David Dean, Ramzana Boddy, Alexander Aber, Ahmed Patel, Vijay Parakh, Jehangirshaw Parthiban, Sunil Ubhi, Harmony Kaur Hosein, Simon‐Peter Ward, Simon Malik, Kamran Jennings, Leifa Newton, Tom Alkhouri, Mirna Kang, Min Kyu Houlden, Christopher Barry, Jonathan Raza, Imtanan Farquharson, Alistair Bhattacharya, Sanjeet Milligan, William Chang, Kate Henderson, Liam Wilson, Michael S J Neo, Yan Ning Ibrahim, Ibrahim Chan, Emily Peck, Fraser S Lim, Pei J North, Alexander S Blundell, Rebecca Williamson, Adam Fouad, Dina Minocha, Ashish Mccarthy, Kathryn Court, Emma Chambers, Alice Yee, Jenna Tham, Ji Chung Beaton, Ceri Walsh, Una Lockey, Joseph Bokhari, Salman Howells, Lara Griffiths, Megan Yallop, Laura Singh, Shailinder Nasher, Omar Jackson, Paul Puttick, Michael Luck, Joshua Fozard, Thomas Shariffuddin, Abdul Muiz Ho, Weng Chee Wilson, Michael Sj Pabla, Gurpreet Ramzi, Saed Zeidan, Shady Doughty, Jennifer Sinha, Sidhartha Davenport, Ross Lewis, Jason Duffy, Leo Mcaleer, Elizabeth Williams, Eleanor Som, Robin Javed, Omar Boal, Matthew Harrison, Nicola Tafazal, Habib Javed, Omar Brogden, Tom Nepogodiev, Dmitri Griffiths, Ewen Obute, Rhalumi Daniel Glover, Thomas E Clark, David J Boshnaq, Mohamed Akhtar, Mansoor Capleton, Pascale Doughan, Samer Rabie, Mohamed Mohamed, Ismail Samuel, Duncan Dickson, Lauren Kennedy, Matthew Dempster, Eleanor Brown, Emma Maple, Natalie Monaghan, Eimear Wolf, Bernhard Garland, Alicia Mcphee, Arthur Anderson, David Anderson, Robert Hassan, Sarah Sutton, Paul Smith, Dave Lund, Jonathan Boereboom, Catherine Murphy, Jennifer Tierney, Gillian Tou, Samson Zimmermann, Eleanor Franziska Smart, Neil James Warwick, Andrea Marie Stasinou, Theodora Daniels, Ian Findlay‐Cooper, Kim Mitrasinovic, Stefan Ray, Swayamjyoti Varcada, Massimo D'Souza, Rovan Omara, Sharif Spurr, Matthew Parkinson, Lucienne Hanks, Anthony Ma, Jennifer Abington, Emily Ramcharn, Meera Williams, Gethin Winstanley, Joseph Kennedy, Ewan D. Yeung, Emily NW Fergusson, Stuart J Jones, Catrin O'neill, Stephen Lim, Shujing Jane Liew, Ignatius Nair, Hari Fairfield, Cameron Oh, Julia Koh, Samantha Wilson, Andrew Fairfield, Catherine Anandkumar, Delran Kirupagaran, Ashok Jones, Timothy F Torrance, Hew Dt Fowler, Alexander J Chandrakumar, Charmilie Patel, Priyank Ashraf, Syed Faaz Lakhani, Sonam M. Mclean, Aaron Lawson Basson, Sonia Batt, Jeremy Bowman, Catriona Stoddart, Michael Benons, Natasha Mason, Clare Harrison, Rebecca Quayle, John Barker, Tom Summerour, Virginia Harper, Edward Smith, Caroline Hampton, Matthew Pitt, Sophie K Ward, Alex E O'Connor, Timothy Heywood, Emily G Drake, Thomas M Chowdhury, Abeed Hossaini, Sina Watson, Nicholas Fs Mckechnie, Doug Farah, Ayaan Chun, Anita Koh, Hoey Lim, Grace Sunderland, Graham Gould, Laura Chambers, Alice Munipalle, P C Rooney, H Browning, D R L Pereira, Bernadette Nemeth, Kristof Decker, Emily Giuliani, Stefano Shalaby, Aly Shaikh, Shafaque Tan, Chern Yan Palkhi, Ebrahim Y A Szczap, Aleksandra Chidambaram, Swathikan Chen, Chee Yang Kulasabanathan, Kavian Chhabra, Srishti Kostov, Elisabeth Harbord, Philippe Barnacle, James Palliyil, Madan Mohan Zikry, Mina Porter, Johnathan Raslan, Charef Saeed, Mohammed Hafiz, Shazia Soltani, Niksa Baillie, Katie Singh, Priyanka Sheth, Shailee Patel, Kishen Khalili, Mahry Choi, Jeesoo Benger, Matthew Marples, Lucy Macfarlane, Alastair Thurairaja, Ramesh Boyce, Tamsin Whewell, Harriet Jones, Elin Th'ng, Francesca Robertson, Nichola Mirza, Ahmad Saeed, Haroon Galloway, Simon Elena, Gia Afzal, Mohammad Zakir, Mohamed Sodde, Peter Hand, Charles Sriram, Aiesha Clark, Tamsyn Holton, Patrick Livesey, Amy Sinha, Yashashwi Iqbal, Fahad Mujtaba Bharj, Indervir Singh Rotundo, Adriana Jenvey, Cara Slade, Robert Golding, David Haines, Samuel Ne'ma Abdullah, Ali Adel Tilston, Thomas W Loughran, Dafydd Donoghue, Danielle Giacci, Lorenzo Sherif, Mohamed Ashur Harrison, Peter Tang, Alethea Kotecha, Deevia Elshaer, Mohamed Urbonas, Tomas Riaz, Amjid Chapman, Annie Acharya, Parisha Shalhoub, Joseph Grossart, Cathleen McMorran, David Mlotshwa, Makhosini Hawkins, William Loizides, Sofronis Krishna, Kandaswamy Orchard, Melanie Ho, Chik Wai Thomson, Peter Khan, Shahab Taylor, Fiona Shukla, Jalak Howie, Emma Elizabeth Macdonald, Linda Komolafe, Olusegun Mcintyre, Neil Cragg, James Parker, Jody Stewart, Duncan Lintin, Luke Tracy, Julia Farooq, Tahir Molina, George Kaafarani, Haytham Luque, Laura Beyene, Robel Sava, Jack Scott, Mark Swaroop, Mamta Kennedy, Raelene Azodo, Ijeoma A Heffernan, Daithi Chun, Tristen Stephen, Andrew Sion, Melanie Weinstein, Michael S. Punja, Viren Bugaev, Nikolay Goodstein, Monica Razmdjou, Shadi Etchill, Eric Puyana, Juan Carlos Kesinger, Matthew Napolitano, Lena To, Kathleen Hemmila, Mark Todd, Oliver Jenner, Edward Hoogakker, Ellen Grizhja, Besmir Ymeri, Shpetim Galiqi, Gezim Klappenbach, Roberto Antezana, Diego Beleño, Alvaro Enrique Mendoza Costa, Cecilia Sanchez, Belen Aviles, Susan Modolo, Maria Marta Fermani, Claudio Gabriel Balmaceda, Rubén Villalobos, Santiago Carmona, Juan Manuel Hamill, Daniel Deutschmann, Peter Sandler, Simone Cox, Daniel Nataraja, Ram Sharpin, Claire Ljuhar, Damir Gray, Demi Haines, Morgan Iyer, Dush Niranjan, Nithya D'Amours, Scott Ashtari, Morvarid Franco, Helena Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman Karim, Sabbir Aman, Nowrin F. Estee, Mahnuma Mahfuz Salma, Umme Razzaque, Joyeta Kanta, Tasnia Hamid Tori, Sayeeda Aktar Alamin, Shadid Roy, Swapnil Al Amin, Shadid Karim, Rezaul Haque, Muhtarima Faruq, Amreen Iftekhar, Farhana O'Shea, Margaret Padmore, Greg Jonnalagadda, Ramesh Litvin, Andrey Filatau, Aliaksandr Paulouski, Dzmitry Shubianok, Maryna Shachykava, Tatsiana Khokha, Dzianis Khokha, Vladimir Djivoh, Fernande Ismaïl, Lawani Dossou, Francis Seto, Djifid Morel Gbessi, Dansou Gaspard Noukpozounkou, Bruno Souaibou, Yacoubou Imorou Keke, Kpèmahouton René Hodonou, Fred Ahounou, Ernest Yemalin Stephane Alihonou, Thierry Dénakpo, Max Ahlonsou, Germain Bedada, Alemayehu Ginbo Nsengiyumva, Carlos Kwizera, Sandrine Barendegere, Venerand Choi, Philip Stock, Simon Jamal, Luai Firdouse, Mohammed Zani, Augusto Azzie, Georges Kushwaha, Sameer Agarwal, Arnav Chen, Tzu‐Ling Yip, Chingwan Montes, Irene Zapata, Felipe Sierra, Sebastian Lanau, Maria Isabel Villegas Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza Restrepo, Ivan Mendoza Sierra, Sebastian Giraldo, Ruben Santiago Restrepo Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza Domini, Edgar Karlo, Robert Mihanovic, Jakov Youssef, Mohamed Elfeki, Hossam Thabet, Waleed Sanad, Aly Tawfik, Gehad Zaki, Ahmed Abdel‐Hameed, Noran Mostafa, Mohamed Omar, Muhammad Fathi Waleed Ghanem, Ahmed Abdallah, Emad Denewar, Adel Emara, Eman Rashad, Eman Sakr, Ahmad Elashry, Rehab Emile, Sameh Khafagy, Toqa Elhamouly, Sara Elfarargy, Arwa Mohamed, Amna Mamdouh Nagy, Ghada Saied Esam, Abeer Elwy, Eman Hammad, Aya Khallaf, Salwa Ibrahim, Eman Saidbadr, Ahmed Moustafa, Ahmed Mohammed, Amany Eldosouky Elgheriany, Mohammed Abdelmageed, Eman Al Raouf, Eman Abd Elbanby, Esraa Samir Elmasry, Maha Farahat, Mahitab Morsy Mansor, Eman Yahya Hegazy, Eman Magdy Gamal, Esraa Gamal, Heba Kandil, Hend Abdelrouf, Doaa Maher Moaty, Mohamed Gamal, Dina El‐Sagheer, Nada Salah, Mohamed Magdy, Salma Salah, Asmaa Essam, Ahmed Ali, Ahmed Badawy, Mahmoud Ahmed, Sara Mohamed, Mazed Assal, Abdelrahman Sleem, Mohamed Ebidy, Mai Elrazek, Aly Abd Zahran, Diaaaldin Adam, Nourhan Nazir, Mohamed Hassanein, Adel B Ismail, Ahmed Elsawy, Amira Mamdouh, Rana Mabrouk, Mohamed Ahmed, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Alnaby, Mohamed Hassab Magdy, Eman Abd‐Elmawla, Manar Fahim, Marwan Mowafy, Bassant Mahmoud, Moustafa Ibrahim Allam, Meran Alkelani, Muhammad El Gendy, Noran Halim Aboul‐Naga, Mariam Saad El‐Din, Reham Alaa Elgendy, Alyaa Halim Ismail, Mohamed Shalaby, Mahmoud Elsharkawy, Aya Adel Moghazy, Mahmoud Elsayed Elbisomy, Khaled Hesham Shakshouk, Hend Adel Gawad Hamed, Mohamed Fouad Ebidy, Mai Mohamed Abdelkader, Mostafa Karkeet, Mohamed Ahmed, Hayam Adel, Israa Omar, Mohammad Elsayed Ibrahim, Mohamed Ghoneim, Omar Hesham, Omar Gamal, Shimaa Hilal, Karim Arafa, Omar Awad, Sawsan Adel Salem, Menatalla Elsherif, Fawzia Abdellatif Elsabbagh, Nourhan Aboelsoud, Moustafa R. Rida, Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad Hossameldin, Amr Hany, Ethar Asar, Yomna Hosny Anwar, Nourhan Gadelkarim, Mohamed Abdelhady, Samar Morshedy, Eman Mohamed Saad, Reham Soliman, Nourhan Salama, Mahmoud Ezzat, Eslam Mohamed, Arwa Ibrahim, Arwa Fergany, Alaa Mohammed, Sara Reda, Aya Allam, Yomna Saad, Hanan Adel Abdelfatah, Afnan Fathy, Aya Mohamed El‐Sehily, Ahmed Kasem, Esraa Abdalmageed Hassan, Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset Mohammed, Ahmed Rabeih Saad, Abdalla Gamal Elfouly, Yasmin Elfouly, Nesma Ibrahim, Arij Hassaan, Amr Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Elhoseny, Ghada Magdy, Mohamed Elkhalek, Esraa Abd Zakaria, Yehia Ezzat, Tarek El Dahab, Ali Abo Kelany, Mohamed Arafa, Sara Hassan, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Badwi, Nermin Mohamed Sleem, Ahmad Saber Ahmed, Hussien Abdelbadeai, Kholoud Abdullah, Mohamed Abozed Lokman, Muhammad Amsyar Auni Bahar, Suraya Abdelazeam, Anan Rady Adelshone, Abdelrahman Hasnan, Muhammad Bin Zulkifli, Athirah Kamarulzamil, Siti Nur Alia Elhendawy, Abdelaziz Latif, Aliang Adnan, Ahmad Bin Shaharuddin, Shahadatul Majid, Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul Amreia, Mahmoud Al‐Marakby, Dina Salma, Mahmoud Ismail, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Basir, Elissa Rifhan Mohd Ali, Citra Dewi Mohd Ata, Aya Yehia Nasr, Maha Rezq, Asmaa Sheta, Ahmed Tariq, Sherif Sallam, Abd Elkhalek Darwish, Abdelrhman KZ Elmihy, Sohaila Elhadry, Shady Farag, Ahmed Hajeh, Haidar Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Aglan, Amro Zohair, Ahmed Essam, Mahitab Moussa, Omar El‐Gizawy, Esraa Samy, Mostafa Ali, Safia Elhalawany, Esraa Ata, Ahmed El Halawany, Mohamed Nashat, Mohamed Soliman, Samar Elazab, Alaa Samy, Mostada Abdelaziz, Mohamed A Ibrahim, Khaled Ibrahim, Ahmed mohamed Gado, Ammar Hantour, Usama Eldeen, Esraa Alm loaloa, Mohamed Reda Abouzaid, Arwa Eldin, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Hashad, Eman Sroor, Fathy Gamil, Doaa Abdulhakeem, Eman Mahmoud Zakaria, Mahmoud Mohamed, Fawzy Abubakr, Marwan Ali, Elsayed Magdy, Hesham Ramadan, Menna Tallah Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelaty Mansour, Salma Amin, Hager Abdul Aziz Mohamed, Ahmed Rabie Saami, Mahmoud Elsayed, Nada Ahmed Reda Tarek, Adham Mahmoud, Sabry Mohy Eldeen El Sayed, Islam Magdy Reda, Amira Shawky, Martina Yusuf Salem, Mohammed Mousa El‐Din, Shahinaz Alaa Soliman, Noha Abdullah Talaat, Muhammed Alaael‐Dein, Shahinaz Elhusseiny, Ahmed Abd Elmoen Abdullah, Noha Elshaar, Mohammed Ibraheem, Aya AbdelFatah Abdulaziz, Hager Ismail, Mohammed Kamal Madkor, Mona Hamdy Abdelaty, Mohamed Abdel‐Kader, Sara Mahmoud Salah, Osama Mohamed Eldafrawy, Mahmoud Eldeeb, Ahmed Zaki Eid, Mostafa Mahmoud Attia, Attia El‐Dien, Khalid Salah Shwky, Ayman Badenjki, Mohamed Adel Soliman, Abdelrahman Al Attar, Samaa Mahmoud Sayed, Farrag Sabour, Fahd Abdel Azizeldine, Mohammed G. Shawqi, Muhammad Hashim, Abdullah Aamer, Ahmed Abdelraouf, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Amal Mahmoud, Basma Mahmoud, Mohamed Ali Qenawy, Mostafa Rashed, Ahmed M. Dahy, Ahmed Sayed, Marwa Shamsedine, Ahmed W. Mohamed, Bakeer Hasan, Ahmad Saad, Mahmoud M. Bassit, Khalil Abdul El‐Latif, Nadia Khalid Abd Elzahed, Nada El Kashash, Ahmed Bekhet, Nada Mohamed Hafez, Sarah Gad, Ahmed Maher, Mahmoud Elkhadragy Elsameea, Ahmed Abd Hafez, Mohamed Sabe, Ahmad Ahmed, Ataa Shahine, Ahmed Dawood, Khaled Gaafar, Shireen Husseiny, Reem Aboelmagd, Omnia Soliman, Ahmed Mesbah, Nourhan Emadeldin, Hossam Al Meligy, Amgad Bekhet, Amira Hassan Hasan, Doaa Alhady, Khaled Sabe, Ahmad Khaled Elnajjar, Mahmoud A. Aboelella, Majed Hamsho, Ward Hassan, Ihab Saad, Hala Abdelazim, Galaleldin Mahmoud, Hend Wael, Noha Kandil, Ahmedali M Magdy, Ahmed Elkholy, Shimaa Said Adel, Badr Eldin Dabbour, Kareem Elsherbiney, Saged Mattar, Omar Abdrabou, Abdulshafi Khaled Aly, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Geuoshy, Abdelrahman Elnagar, Ahmedglal Ahmed, Saraibrahim Abdelmotaleb, Ibrahem Saleh, Amr Ahmed Saeed, Manar Mahmoud, Shady Tawfik, Badreldin Adel Ismail, Samar Adel Zakaria, Esraay Gad, Mariam O. Elhelbawy, Mohamed Salah Bassem, Monica Maraie, Noha Elhadary, Nourhan Medhat Semeda, Nourhan Mohamed, Shaza Rabie Bakry, Hesham Mohammed Essam, AA Tarek, Dina Ashour, Khlood Elhadad, Alaa Abdel‐Aty, Abdulrahman Rakha, Ibrahim Matter, Sara Mamdouh Abdelhamed, Rasha Abdelkader, Omar Hassaan, Ayat Soliman, Yasmin Mohamed, Amna Ghanem, Sara Farouk, Sara Amr Mohamed Ibrahim, Eman Mohamed El‐Taher, Esraa Mostafa, Merna Badr, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Elsemelawy, Rofida El‐Sawy, Aya Bakr, Ahmad Al Rafati, Ahmad Abdel Razaq Saar, Sten Reinsoo, Arvo Talving, Peep Seyoum, Nebyou Worku, Tewodros Fitsum, Agazi Tolonen, Matti Leppäniemi, Ari Sallinen, Ville Parmentier, Benoît Peycelon, Matthieu Irtan, Sabine Dardenne, Sabrina Robert, Elsa Maillot, Betty Courboin, Etienne Arnaud, Alexis Pierre Hascoet, Juliette Abbo, Olivier Kaci, Amir Ait Prudhomme, Thomas Ballouhey, Quentin Grosos, Céline Fourcade, Laurent Cecilia, Tolg Jean‐Francois, Colombani Helene, Francois‐Coridon Delforge, Xavier Haraux, Elodie Dousset, Bertrand Schiavone, Roberto Gaujoux, Sebastien Marret, Jean‐Baptiste Haffreingue, Aurore Rod, Julien Renaux‐Petel, Mariette Lecompte, Jean‐François Bréaud, Jean Gastaldi, Pauline Taieb, Chouikh Claire, Raquillet Anis, Echaieb Bustangi, Nasir Lopez, Manuel Scalabre, Aurelien Grella, Maria Giovanna Mariani, Aurora Podevin, Guillaume Schmitt, Françoise Hervieux, Erik Broch, Aline Muller, Cecile Tabiri, Stephen Kojo, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Bandoh, Dickson Abantanga, Francis Kyereh, Martin Asumah, Hamza Appiah, Eric Kofi Wondoh, Paul Gyedu, Adam Dally, Charles Agbedinu, Kwabena Amoah, Michael Yifieyeh, Abiboye Owusu, Frank Amoako‐Boateng, Mabel Dayie, Makafui Hagan, Richmond Debrah, Sam Ohene‐Yeboah, Micheal Clegg‐Lampety, Joe‐Nat Etwire, Victor Dakubo, Jonathan Essoun, Samuel Bonney, William Glover‐Addy, Hope Osei‐Nketiah, Samuel Amoako, Joachim Adu‐Aryee, Niiarmah Appeadu‐Mensah, William Bediako‐Bowan, Antoinette Dedey, Florence Ekow, Mattew Akatibo, Emmanuel Yakubu, Musah Kordorwu, Hope Edem Kofi Asare‐Bediako, Kwasi Tackie, Enoch Aaniana, Kenneth Acquah, Emmanuel Opoku‐Agyeman, Richard Avoka, Anthony Kusi, Kwasi Maison, Kwame Gyamfi, Frank Enoch Barnabas, Gandau Naa Abdul‐Latif, Saiba Amoako, Philip Taah Davor, Anthony Dassah, Victor Dagoe, Enoch Kwakyeafriyie, Prince Akoto, Elliot Ackom, Eric Mensah, Ekow Atkins, Ebenezer Takyi Coompson, Christian Lari Ivros, Nikolaos Ferousis, Christoforos Kalles, Vasileios Agalianos, Christos Kyriazanos, Ioannis Barkolias, Christos Tselos, Angelos Tzikos, Georgios Voulgaris, Evangelos Lytras, Dimitrios Bamicha, Athanasia Psarianos, Kyriakos Stefanopoulos, Anastasios Patoulias, Ioannis Sfougaris, Dimitrios Valioulis, Ioannis Balalis, Dimitrios Korkolis, Dimitrios Manatakis, Dimitrios K Kyrou, Georgios Karabelias, Georgios Papaskarlatos, Iason‐Antonios Konstantina, Kolonia Zampitis, Nikolaos Germanos, Stylianos Papailia, Aspasia Theodosopoulos, Theodosios Gkiokas, Georgios Mitroudi, Magdalini Panteli, Christina Feidantsis, Thomas Farmakis, Konstantinos Kyziridis, Dimitrios Ioannidis, Orestis Parpoudi, Styliani Gemenetzis, Georgios Parasyris, Stavros Anthoulakis, Christos Nikoloudis, Nikolaos Margaritis, Michail Aguilera‐Arevalo, Maria‐Lorena Coyoy‐Gaitan, Otto Rosales, Javier Tale, Luis Soley, Rafael Barrios, Emmanuel Rodriguez, Servio Tulio Torres Galvez, Carlos Paz Cruz, Danilo Herrera Rosenberg, Guillermo Sanchez Matheu, Alejandro Cohen, David Monterroso Paul, Marie Charles, Angeline Lam, Justin Chak Yiu Yeung, Man Hon Andrew Fok, Chi Ying Jacquelyn Li, Ka Hin Gabriel Lai, Anthony Chuk‐Him Cheung, Yuk Hong Eric Wong, Hong Yee Leung, Ka Wai Lee, Tien Seng Bryan Lam, Wai Him Dao, Weihei Kwok, Stephanie Hiu‐wai Chan, Tsz‐Yan Katie Ng, Yung Kok Mak, TWC Liu, Qinyang Foo, Chi Chung Yang, James Kumar, Basant Bhatnagar, Ankur Upadhyaya, Vijaid Kumar, Sunil Muddebihal, Uday Dar, Wasim Janardha, KC Alexander, Philip Aruldas, Neerav Adella, Fidelis Jacklyn Rulie, Anthonius Santoso Iskandar, Ferdy Setiawan, Jonny Evajelista, Cicilia Viany Natalie, Hani Suyadi, Arlindawati Gunawan, Rudy Karismaningtyas, Herlin Mata, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Andika, Ferry Fitriya Ayu Hasanah, Afifatun Widiastini, T Ariani Purwaningsih, Nurlaila Ayu Mukin, Annisa Dewi Fitriana Rahmah, Dina Faizatur Nurqistan, Hazmi Dwinanda Arsyad, Hasbi Maulana Adhitama, Novia Jeo, Wifanto Saditya Sutandi, Nathania Clarissa, Audrey Gultom, Phebe Anggita Billy, Matthew Haloho, Andreass Amandito, Radhian Johanna, Nadya Lee, Felix Dorani, Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Glynn, Martha Alherz, Mohammad Goh, Wennweoi Shiwani, Haaris A. Sproule, Lorraine Conlon, Kevin C. Bala, Miklosh Kedar, Asaf Turati, Luca Bianco, Federica Steccanella, Francesca Gallo, Gaetano Trompetto, Mario Clerico, Giuseppe Papandrea, Matteo Sammarco, Giuseppe Sacco, Rosario Benevento, Angelo Pata, Francesco Giavarini, Luisa Giglio, Mariano Cesare Bucci, Luigi Pagano, Gianluca Sollazzo, Viviana Peltrini, Roberto Luglio, Gaetano Birindelli, Arianna Di Saverio, Salomone Tugnoli, Gregorio Paludi, Miguel Angel Mingrone, Pietro Pata, Domenica Selvaggi, Francesco Selvaggi, Lucio Pellino, Gianluca Di Martino, Natale Curletti, Gianluca Aonzo, Paolo Galleano, Raffaele Berti, Stefano Francone, Elisa Boni, Silvia Lorenzon, Laura lo Conte, Annalisa Balducci, Genoveffa Confalonieri, Gianmaria Pesenti, Giovanni Gavagna, Laura Vasquez, Giorgio Targa, Simone Occhionorelli, Savino Andreotti, Dario Pata, Giacomo Armellini, Andrea Chiesa, Deborah Aquilino, Fabrizio Chetta, Nicola Picciariello, Arcangelo Abdelkhalek, Mohamed Belli, Andrea De Franciscis, Silvia Bigaran, Annamaria Favero, Alessandro Basso, Stefano M. M Salusso, Paola Perino, Martina Mochet, Sylvie Sasia, Diego Riente, Francesco Migliore, Marco Merlini, David Basilicò, Silvia Corbellini, Carlo Lazzari, Veronica Macchitella, Yuri Bonavina, Luigi Angelieri, Daniele Coletta, Diego Falaschi, Federica Catani, Marco Reali, Claudia Malavenda, Mariastella Del Basso, Celeste Ribaldi, Sergio Coletti, Massimo Natili, Andrea Depalma, Norma Iannone, Immacolata Antoniozzi, Angelo Rossi, Davide Gui, Daniele Perrotta, Gerardo Ripa, Matteo Giardino, Francesco Ruben Foco, Maurizio Vicario, Erika Coccolini, Federico Ansaloni, Luca Nita, Gabriela Elisa Leone, Nicoletta Bondurri, Andrea Maffioli, Anna Simioni, Andrea De Boni, Davide Pasquali, Sandro Goldin, Elena Vendramin, Elena Ciccioli, Eleonora Tedeschi, Umberto Bortolasi, Luca Violi, Paola Campagnaro, Tommaso Conci, Simone Lazzari, Giovanni Iacono, Calogero Gulielmi, Alfredo Manfreda, Serena Rinaldi, Anna Ringressi, Maria Novella Brunoni, Beatrice Salamone, Giuseppe Mangiapane, Mirko De Marco, Paolino La Brocca, Antonella Tutino, Roberta Silvestri, Vania Licari, Leo Fontana, Tommaso Falco, Nicolò Cocorullo, Gianfranco Shalaby, Mostafa Sileri, Pierpaolo Arcudi, Claudio Bsisu, Isam Aljboor, Khaled Abusalem, Lana Alnusairat, Aseel Qaissieh, Ahmad Al‐Dakka, Emad Ababneh, Ali Halhouli, Oday Yusufali, Taha Mohammed, Hussein Lando, Justus Parker, Robert Ndegwa, Wairimu Jokubauskas, Mantas Gribauskaite, Jolanta Venskutonis, Donatas Kuliavas, Justas Dulskas, Audrius Samalavicius, Narimantas E. Jasaitis, Kristijonas Parseliunas, Audrius Nevieraite, Viktorija Montrimaite, Margarita Slapelyte, Evelina Dainius, Edvinas Riauka, Romualdas Dambrauskas, Zilvinas Subocius, Andrejus Venclauskas, Linas Gulbinas, Antanas Bradulskis, Saulius Kasputyte, Simona Mikuckyte, Deimante Kiudelis, Mindaugas Zilinskas, Justas Jankus, Tomas Petrikenas, Steponas Pažuskis, Matas Urniežius, Zigmantas Vilčinskas, Mantas Banaitis, Vincas Jonas Gaižauskas, Vytautas Grisin, Edvard Mazrimas, Povilas Rackauskas, Rokas Drungilas, Mantas Lagunavicius, Karolis Lipnickas, Vytautas Majauskyté, Dovilè Jotautas, Valdemaras Abaliksta, Tomas Uščinas, Laimonas Simutis, Gintaras Ladukas, Adomas Danys, Donatas Laugzemys, Erikas Mikalauskas, Saulius Poskus, Tomas Sruogiene, Elena Zdanyte Višinskas, Petras Žilinskienė, Reda Dragatas, Deividas Burmistrovas, Andrius Tverskis, Zygimantas Vaicius, Arturas Mazelyte, Ruta Zadoroznas, Antanas Kaselis, Nerijus Žiubrytė, Greta Rahantasoa, Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence Samison, Luc Hervé Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Fanjandrainy Tolotra, Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Mukuzunga, Cornelius Msosa, Vanessa Kwatiwani, Chimwemwe Msiska, Nelson Chai, Feng Yih Asilah, Siti Mohd Desa Syibrah, Khuzaimah Zahid Chin, Pui Xin Salleh, Afizah Riswan, Nur Zulaika Roslani, April Camilla Chong, Hoong‐Yin Aziz, Nora Abdul Poh, Keat‐Seong Chai, Chu‐Ann Kumar, Sandip Taher, Mustafa Mohammed Kosai, Nik Ritza Aziz, Dayang Nita Abdul Rajan, Reynu Julaihi, Rokayah Jethwani, Durvesh Lacthman Yahaya, Muhammad Taqiyuddin Abdullah, Nik Azim Nik Mathew, Susan Wndy Chung, Kuet Jun Nirumal, Milaksh Kumar Tze, R. Goh Ern Ali, Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Gan, Yiing Yee Ting, Jesse Ron Swire Sii, Samuel S. Y. Koay, Kean Leong Tan, Yi Koon Cheah, Alvin Ee Zhiun Wong, Chui Yee Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat, Tuan Chow, Crystal Yern Nee Har, Prisca A. L. Der, Yishan Tew, Yong Yong Henry, Fitjerald Low, Xinwei Neo, Ya Theng Heng, Hian Ee Kong, Shu Ning Gan, Cheewei Mok, Yi Ting Tan, Yee Wen Palayan, Kandasami Tata, Mahadevan Deva Cheong, Yih Jeng Gunaseelan, Kuhaendran 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir, Wan Nurul Yoganathan, Pigeneswaren Lee, Eu Xian Saw, Jian Er Yeang, Li Jing Koh, Pei Ying Lim, Shyang Yee Teo, Shuang Yi Grech, Nicole Magri, Daniela Cassar, Kristina Mizzi, Christine Falzon, Malcolm Shaikh, Nihaal Scicluna, Ruth Zammit, Stefan Borg, Elaine Mizzi, Sean Brincat, Svetlana Doris Tembo, Thelma Le, Vu Thanh Hien Grima, Tara Sammut, Keith Carabott, Kurt Farrugia, Alexia Zarb, Ciskje Navarro, Andre Dimech, Thea Camilleri, Georgette Marie Bertuello, Isaac Dalli, Jeffrey Bonavia, Karl Corro‐Diaz, Samantha Manriquez‐Reyes, Marisol Medina, Antonio Ramos‐De Abdelhamid, Amina Hrora, Abdelmalek Benammi, Sarah Bachri, Houda Abbouch, Meryem Boukhal, Khaoula Bennai, Redouane Mammar Belkouchi, Abdelkader Jabal, Mohamed Sobhi Benyaiche, Chaymae Vermaas, Maarten Duinhouwer, Lucia Pastora, Javier Wood, Greta Merlo, Maria Soledad Ajao, Akinlabi Ayandipo, Omobolaji Lawal, Taiwo Abdurrazzaaq, Abdussemiu Alada, Muslimat Nasir, Abdulrasheed Adeniran, James Habeeb, Olufemi Popoola, Ademola Adeyeye, Ademola Adebanjo, Ademola Adesanya, Opeoluwa Adeniyi, Adewale Mendel, Henry Bello, Bashir Muktar, Umar Osinowo, Adedapo Olajide, Thomas Olagboyega Oshati, Oyindamola Ihediwa, George Adenekan, Babajide Nwinee, Victor Alakaloko, Felix Ademuyiwa, Adesoji Elebute, Olumide Lawal, Abdulrazzaq Bode, Chris Olugbemi, Mojolaoluwa Adesina, Alaba Faturoti, Olubukola Odutola, Oluwatomi Adebola, Oluwaseyi Onuoha, Clement Taiwo, Ogechukwu Williams, Omolara Balogun, Fatai Ajai, Olalekan Oludara, Mobolaji Njokanma, Iloba Osuoji, Roland Kache, Stephen Ajah, Jonathan Makama, Jerry Adamu, Ahmed Baba, Suleiman Aliyu, Mohammad Aliyu, Shamsudeen Ukwenya, Yahaya Aliyu, Halima Sholadoye, Tunde Daniyan, Muhammad Ogunsua, Oluseyi Anyanwu, Lofty‐John Sheshe, Abdurrahaman Mohammad, Aminu Olori, Samson Mshelbwala, Philip Odeyemi, Babatunde Samson, Garba Timothy, Oyediran Kehinde Samuel, Sani Ali Ajiboye, Anthony Adeyeye, Ademola Amole, Isaac Abiola, Olajide Olaolorun, Akin Søreide, Kjetil Veen, Torhild Kanani, Arezo Styles, Kristian Herikstad, Ragnar Larsen, Johannes Wiik Søreide, Jon Arne Jensen, Elisabeth Gran, Mads Aahlin, Eirik Kjus Gaarder, Tina Monrad‐Hansen, Peter Wiel Næss, Pål Aksel Lauzikas, Giedrius Wiborg, Joachim Holte, Silje Augestad, Knut Magne Banipal, Gurpreet Singh Monteleone, Michela Moe, Thomas Tetens Schultz, Johannes Kurt Al‐taher, Taher Hamdan, Ayah Salman, Ayman Saadeh, Rana Musleh, Aseel Jaradat, Dana Abushamleh, Soha Hanoun, Sakhaa Qumbos, Amjad Abu Hamarshi, Aseel Taher, Ayman And Qawasmi, Israa Qurie, Khalid Altarayra, Marwa Ghannam, Mohammad Shaheen, Alaa Herebat, Azher Abdelhaq, Aram Shalabi, Ahmad Abu‐toyour, Maram Asi, Fatema Shamasneh, Ala Atiyeh, Anwar Mustafa, Mousa Zaa'treh, Rula Dabboor, Majd Alaloul, Enas Baraka, Heba Meqbil, Jehad Al‐Buhaisi, Alaa Elshami, Mohamedraed Afana, Samah Jaber, Sahar Alyacoubi, Said Abuowda, Yousef Idress, Tasneem Abuqwaider, Eman Al‐saqqa, Sara Bowabsak, Alaa El Jamassi, Alaa Hasanain, Doaa Al‐farram, Hadeel Salah, Maram Firwana, Aya Hamdan, Marwa Awad, Israa Ashour, Ahmad Al Barrawi, Fayez Elian Al‐khatib, Ahmed Al‐faqawi, Maha Fares, Mohamed Elmashala, Amjad Adawi, Mohammad Adawi, Ihdaa Khreishi, Reem Khreishi, Rose ashour, Ahmad Ghaben, Ahed Nadeem, Najwa Saqlain, Muhammad Abbasy, Jibran Alvi, Abdul Rehman Gala, Tanzeela Shahzad, Noman Bhopal, Kamran Faisal Iftikhar, Zainab Butt, Muhammad Talha Asaat ul Razi, Syed Ahmed, Asdaq Niazi, Ali Khan Raza, Ibrahim Baluch, Fatima Raza, Ahmed Bani‐Sadar, Ahmad Qureshi, Ahmad Uzair Adil, Muhammad Raza, Awais Javaid, Mahnoor Waqar, Muhammad Khan, Maryam Ali Arshad, Mohammad Mohsin Amjad, Mohammadasim Vega, Gustavo Miguel Machain Cardozo, Jorge Torres Roche, Marcelo O'Higgins Servin, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Lohse, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lopez, Larissa Ines Páez Cardozo, Ramón Augusto Melo Espinoza, Fernando Rojas, Angel David Pérez Sanchez, Diana Samaniego, Camila Sanchez Torres, Shalon Guevara Calua, Alexander Canta Razuri, Cesar Ortiz, Nadia Rodriguez, Xianelle Carrasco, Nahilia Saravia, Fridiz Miyasato, Hector Shibao Valcarcel‐Saldaña, María Bermúdez, Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Carpio, Juan Panez, Walter Ruiz Orbegozo, Pedro Angel Toribio Dueñas, Carolina Guzmán Espinoza, Kevin Turpo Barrantes, Ana Maria Sandoval Bravo, Jorge Armando Chungui Shu, Sebastian Fuentes‐Rivera, Lorena Fernández, Carmen Romani, Diego Málaga, Bárbara Ye, Joselyn Velasquez, Ricardo Salcedo, Jannin Contreras‐Vergara, Ana Lucia Mejia, Angelica Genoveva Vergara Montejo, Maria Soledad Gonzales Salas, Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Ticona, Willy Alcca Vargas, Marvin Sila, George Christian Manrique Mas, Robinson Pilar Paucar, Arazzelly Velásquez, Armando José Román Robledo‐Rabanal, Alina Solis, Ludwing Alexander Zeta Espinoza, Kenny Turpo Hamaguchi, José Luis Hamasaki Farfan, Erick Samuel Florez Barrientos, Linda Alvi Madrid Matta, Juan Jaime Herrera Mora, John Jemuel V. Redota, Menold Archee P. Roxas, Manuel Francisco Maño, Maria Jesusa B. Parreno‐Sacdalan, Marie Dione Lapitan, Marie Carmela Almanon, Christel Leanne Walędziak, Maciej Roszkowski, Rafał Janik, Michał Lasek, Anna Major, Piotr Radkowiak, Dorota Rubinkiewicz, Mateusz Fernandes, Cristina Costa‐Maia, Jose Melo, Renato Muntean, Liviu Mironescu, Aurel Sandu Vida, Lucian Corneliu Kourdouli, Amar Popa, Mariuca Mircea, Hogea Vartic, Mihaela Diaconescu, Bogdan Bratu, Matei Razvan Negoi, Ionut Beuran, Mircea Ciubotaru, Cezar Ingabire, J. C Allen Mutabazi, Alphonse Zeta Uzabumwana, Norbert Duhoranenayo, Dieudonne Jovine, Elio Zanini, Nicola Landolfo, Giovanni Aljiffry, Murad Idris, Faisal Alghamdi, Mohammed Saleh A. Maghrabi, Ashraf Altaf, Abdulmalik Alkaaki, Aroub Khoja, Ahmad Nawawi, Abrar Turkustani, Sondos Khalifah, Eyad Gudal, Ahmad Albiety, Adel Sahel, Sarah Alshareef, Reham Alzahrani, Mohammed Najjar Ahmed Alghamdi, Ahmed Alhazmi, Wedyan Al Saied, Ghiath Alamoudi, Mohammed Riaz, Muhammed Masood Hassanain, Mazen Alhassan, Basmah Altamimi, Abdullah Alyahya, Reem Al Subaie, Norah Al Bastawis, Fatema Altamimi, Afnan Nouh, Thamer Khan, Roaa Radojkovic, Milan Jeremic, Ljiljana Nestorovic, Milica Law, Jia Hao Tan, Keith Say Kwang Tan, Ryan Choon Kiat Tan, Joel Kin Joel, Lau Wen Liang Lieske, Bettina Chan, Xue Wei Leong, Faith Qi Hui Chong, Choon Seng Koh, Sharon Lee, Kai Yin Lee, Kuok Chung Pluke, Kent Dedekind, Britta Nashidengo, Puyearashid Hampton, Mark Ian Joosten, Johanna Sobnach, Sanju Roodt, Liana Sander, Anthony Pape, James Spence, Richard Maistry, Niveshni Ndwambi, Phumudzo Kinandu, Kamau Tun, Myint Du Toit, Frederick Ellison, Quinn Burger, Sule Grobler, DC Khulu, Lawrence Bongani Moore, Rachel Jennings, Vicky Leusink, Astrid Kariem, Nazmie Gouws, Juan Chu, Kathryn Bougard, Heather Noor, Fazlin Dell, Angela Rayne, Sarah Van Straten, Stephanie Khamajeet, Arvin Tshisola, Serge Kapenda Kabongo, Kalangu Kong, Victor Moodley, Yoshan Anderson, Frank Madiba, Thandinkosi Plooy, Flip Hartford, Leila Chilton, Gareth Karjiker, Parveen Mabitsela, Matlou Ernest Ndlovu, Sibongile Ruth Badicel, Maria Jaich, Robert Ruiz‐Tovar, Jaime Garcia‐Florez, Luis Otero‐Díez, Jorge L. Pérez, Virginia Ramos Suárez, Nuria Aguado García, Javier Minguez Moreno, Sara Corral Collado, Maria Vicenta Carneros, Virginia Jiménez Septiem, Javier García Gonzalez, Mariana Picardo, Antonio Esteban, Enrique Ferrero, Esther Ortega, Irene Espin‐Basany, Eloy Blanco‐Colino, Ruth Andriola, Valeria García, Lorena Solar Contreras, Elisa Bernardo, Carmen García Pagnozzi, Janet Sanz, Sandra León, Alberto Miyar Dorismé, Asnel Rodicio, Joseluis Suarez, Aida Stuva, Jessica Vico, Tamara Diaz Fernandez‐Vega, Laura Soldevila‐Verdeguer, Carla Sena‐Ruiz, Fatima Pujol‐Cano, Natalia Diaz‐Jover, Paula Garcia‐Perez, José Maria Segura‐Sampedro, Juan Jose Pineño‐Flores, Cristina Ambrona‐Zafra, David Craus‐Miguel, Andrea Jimenez‐Morillas, Patricia Mazzella, Angela Jayathilake, A. B Thalgaspitiya, S. P. B Wijayarathna, L. S. Wimalge, P. M. S. N. Sanni, Hakeem Ayomi Ndajiwo, Aliyu Okenabirhie, Ogheneochuko Homeida, Anmar Younis, Abobaker Omer, Omer Abdelbagi Abdulaziz, Mustafa Mussad, Ali Adam, Ali Cengiz, Yucel Björklund, Ida Ahlqvist, Sandra Ahlqvist, Sandra Thorell, Anders Wogensen, Fredrik Sokratous, Arestis Breistrand, Michaela Thorarinsdottir, Hildur Sigurdadottir, Johanna Nikberg, Maziar Chabok, Abbas Hjertberg, Maria Elbe, Peter Saraste, Deborah Rutkowski, Wiktor Forlin, Louise Niska, Karoliina Sund, Malin Oswald, Dennis Peros, Georgios Bluelle, Rafael Reinisch, Katharina Frey, Daniel Palma, Adrian Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle Zumbühl, Lucius Zuber, Markus Schmid, Roger Werder, Gabriela Nocito, Antonio Gerosa, Alexandra Mahanty, Silke Widmer, Lukas Werner Müller, Julia Gübeli, Alissa Zuk, Grzegorz Gulcicek, Osman Bilgin Altinel, Yuksel Vartanoglu, Talar Kose, Emin Karahan, Servet Rustu Aydin, Mehmet Can Sahbaz, Nuri Alper Halicioglu, Ilkay Alis, Halil Sapci, Ipek Adıyaman, Can Pektaş, Ahmet Murat Cengiz, Turgut Bora Tansoker, Ilkan Işler, Vedatcan Cevik, Muazzez Mutlu, Deniz Ozben, Volkan Ozmen, Berk Baris Bayram, Sefa Yolcu, Sinem Kobal, Berna Buse Toto, Ömer Faruk Çakaloğlu, Haluk Cem Karabulut, Kagan Mutlu, Vahit Ozkan, Bahar Busra Celik, Saban Semiz, Anil Bodur, Selim Gül, Enisburak Murutoglu, Busra Yildirim, Reyyan Baki, Bahadir Emre Arslan, Ekin Ulusahin, Mehmet Guner, Ali Walker, Nathan Shrimanker, Nikhita Stoddart, Michael Cole, Simon Breslin, Ryan Srinivasan, Ravi Elshaer, Mohamed Hunter, Kristina Al‐Bahrani, Ahmed Liew, Ignatius Mairs, Nora Grace Rocke, Alistair Dick, Lachlan Qureshi, Mobeen Chowdhury, Debkumar Wright, Naomi Skerritt, Clare Kufeji, Dorothy Ho, Adrienne Dissanayake, Tharindra Tennakoon, Athula Ali, Wadah Lim, Shujing Jane Tan, Charlene O'Neill, Stephen Jones, Catrin Knight, Stephen Nassif, Dima Sharma, Abhishek Warren, Oliver White, Rebecca Mehdi, Aia Post, Nathan Kalakouti, Eliana Dashnyam, Enkhbat Stourton, Frederick Mykoniatis, Ioannis Currow, Chelise Wong, Francisca Gupta, Ashish Shatkar, Veeranna Luck, Joshua Kadiwar, Suraj Smedley, Alexander Wakefield, Rebecca Herrod, Philip Blackwell, James Lund, Jonathan Cohen, Fraser Bandi, Ashwath Giuliani, Stefano Bond‐Smith, Giles Pezas, Theodore Farhangmehr, Neda Urbonas, Tomas Perenyei, Miklos Ireland, Philip Blencowe, Natalie Bowling, Kirk Bunting, David Longstaff, Lydia Smart, Neil Keogh, Kenneth Jeon, Hyunjin Iqbal, Muhammad Rafaih Khosla, Shivun Jeffery, Anna Perera, James Teasdale, Ella Ibrahem, Ahmad Aboelkassem Alhammali, Tariq Salama, Yahya Kabariti, Rakan Oram, Shaun Kidd, Thomas Cullen, Fraser Owen, Christopher Wilson, Michael Chiu, Seehui Sarafilovic, Hannah Ploski, Jennifer Evans, Elizabeth Abbas, Athar Kamya, Sylvia Ishak, Norzawani Bisset, Carly Andress, Cedar Chin, Ye Ru Patel, Priya Evans, David Jeffery, Anna Perera, James Haslegrave, Aidan Boggon, Adam Laurie, Kirsten Connor, Katie Mann, Thomas Nepogodiev, Dmitri Mansuri, Anahita Davies, Rachel Griffiths, Ewen Shahbaz, Aized Raza Eng, Calvin Din, Farhat L'Heveder, Ariadne Park, Esther H. G. Ravishankar, Ramanish McIntosh, Kirsten Yau, Jih Dar Chan, Luke McGarvie, Susan Tang, Lingshan Lim, Hui Yap, Suhhuey Park, Jay Ng, Zhan Herr Mirza, Shahrukh Ang, Yun Lin Walls, Luke Teasdale, Ella Roy, Chloe Paterson‐Brown, Simon Camilleri‐Brennan, Julian Mclean, Kenneth D'Souza, Michelle S Pronin, Savva Henshall, David Ewart Ter, Eunice Zuling Fouad, Dina Minocha, Ashish English, William Morgan, Catrin Townsend, Dominic Maciejec, Laura Mahdi, Shareef Akpenyi, Onyinye Hall, Elisabeth Caydiid, Hanaan Rob, Zakaria Abbott, Tom Torrance, Hew D Irwin, Gareth Johnston, Robin Gani, Mohammed Akil Gravante, Gianpiero Rajmohan, Shivanchan Majid, Kiran Dindyal, Shiva Smith, Christopher Palliyil, Madanmohan Patel, Sanjay Nicholson, Luke Harvey, Neil Baillie, Katie Shillito, Sam Kershaw, Suzanne Bamford, Rebecca Orton, Peter Reunis, Elke Tyler, Robert Soon, Wai Cheong Jama, Guled M. Dhillon, Dharminder Patel, Khyati Nanthakumaran, Shayanthan Heard, Rachel Chen, Kar Yan Barmayehvar, Behrad Datta, Uttaran Kamarajah, Sivesh K Karandikar, Sharad Tani, Sobhana Iftekhar Monaghan, Eimear Donnelly, Philippa Walker, Michael Parakh, Jehangirshaw Blacker, Sarah Kaul, Anil Paramasivan, Arjun Farag, Sameh Nessa, Ashrafun Awadallah, Salwa Lim, Jieqi Ng, James Chean Khun Gash, Katherine Kiran, Ravi P. Murray, Alice Etchill, Eric Dasari, Mohini Puyana, Juan Haddad, Nadeem Zielinski, Martin Choudhry, Asad Caliman, Celeste Beamon, Mieshia Duane, Therese Narayanan, Ragavan Swaroop, Mamta Myers, Jonathan Deal, Rebecca Schadde, Erik Hemmila, Mark Napolitano, Lena To, Kathleen Makupe, Alex Musowoya, Joseph Maimbo, Mayaba Van Der Naald, Niels Kumwenda, Dayson Reece‐Smith, Alex Otten, Kars Verbeek, Anna Prins, Marloes Suarez, Alibeth Andres Baquero Balmaceda, Ruben Deane, Chelsea Dijan, Emilio Elfiky, Mahmoud Koskenvuo, Laura Thollot, Aurore Limoges, Bernard Capito, Carmen Alexandre, Challine Kotobi, Henri Leroux, Julien Rod, Julien Pinnagoda, Kalitha Henric, Nicolas Azzis, Olivier Rosello, Olivier Francois, Poddevin Etienne, Sara Buisson, Philippe Hmila, Sophian Clegg‐Lamptey, Joe‐Nat Imoro, Osman Abem, Owusu Emmanuel Wondoh, Paul Papageorgiou, Dimitrios Soulou, Vasiliki Asturias, Sabrina Peña, Lenin Kumar, Basant O'Connor, Donal B Luc, Alberto Realis Russo, Alfio Alessandro Ruzzenente, Andrea Taddei, Antonio Cona, Camilla Bottini, Corrado Pascale, Giovanni Rotunno, Giuseppe Solaini, Leonardo Pascale, Marco Maria Notarnicola, Margherita Corbellino, Mario Sacco, Michele Ubiali, Paolo Cautiero, Roberto Bocchetti, Tommaso Muzio, Elena Guglielmo, Vania Morandi, Eugenio Mao, Patrizio De Luca, Emilia Notarnicola, Margherita Ali, Farah Mahmoud Žilinskas, Justas Strupas, Kestutis Kondrotas, Paulius Baltrunas, Robertas Kutkevicius, Juozas Ignatavicius, Povilas Tan, Choy Ling Siaw, Jia Yng Yam, Sir Young Wilson, Ling Aziz, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Bondin, John Zorrilla, Carmina Diaz Majbar, Anass Sale, Danjuma Abdullahi, Lawal Osagie, Olabisi Faboya, Omolara Fatuga, Adedeji Taiwo, Agboola Nwabuoku, Emeka Bliksøen, Marte Khan, Zain Ali Coronel, Jazmin Miranda, Cesar Vasquez, Idelso Helguero‐Santin, Luis M. Rickard, Jennifer Mironescu, Aurel Adedeji, Adesina Alqahtani, Saleh Rath, Max Van Niekerk, Michael Koto, Modise Zacharia Matos‐Puig, Roel Israelsson, Leif Schuetz, Tobias Yuksek, Mahmut Arif Mericliler, Meric Uluşahin, Mehmet Wolf, Bernhard Fairfield, Cameron Yong, Guo Liang Whitehurst, Katharine Wilson, Michael Redgrave, Natalie Musyoka, Caroluce K Olivier, James Lee, Kathryn Cox, Michael Farhan‐Alanie, Muhamed M H Callan, Rory Chibuye, Chali Ali, Tebian Hassanein Ahmed Rekhis, Syrine Rommaneh, Muna Halhouli, Oday Sam, Zi Hao Chen, Jacky Hong Chieh Roi, Dylan Ismaïl, Lawani Kalles, Vasileios Pata, Francesco Nita, Gabriela Elisa Coccolini, Federico Ansaloni, Luca Pugliesi, Thays Brunelli Pardo, Gabriel Blanco, Ruth Escobar, Eugenio Grasset |
Data di pubblicazione: | 2019 |
Rivista: | |
Abstract: | Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and-2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle-and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results: In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 percent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low-compared with middle-and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion: Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone. |
Handle: | http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1348204 |
Appare nelle tipologie: | 1.1 Articolo in rivista |
File in questo prodotto:
informazioni
i dati relativi al numero di citazioni sono recuperati in tempo reale dai servizi offerti da Scival di Elsevier, Pubmed-central e da WOS.
Il grafico mostra l'andamento del dato citazionale di SCOPUS/WOS.
I dati possono differire da quelli visualizzati in reportistica.
informazioni
i dati relativi ai percentili sono recuperati in tempo reale dai servizi offerti da Scival di Elsevier e da WOS.
Si segnala che il miglior percentile visualizzato da IRIS è il primo (il più basso, secondo quanto implementato da Scival/WOS).
E' possibile visualizzare l'elenco di tutte le categorie/percentili muovendo il mouse sopra al numero di percentile visualizzato.