Split mouth randomized controlled trial: Standard therapy vs ultrasonic therapy with ozone gas application

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of 3 different treatments for moderate and severe periodontitis, involving adjunctive antimicrobial solutions in periodontal pockets, such as ozone gas and chlorhexidine gel (split-mouth treatment). Material and Methods: 48 periodontally unhealty subjects were randomly allocated to 3 groups following different therapies: Group 1 was treated with ultrasonic scaler and ozone therapy in Q1-Q4; Group 2 was treated with manual scalers and irrigation with chlorhexidine gel 0,20%; Group 3 was treated with standard therapy. Professional supra-gingival scaling and polishing was performed. One week after (T0), subgingival scaling and root planning was accomplished and subjects have been reviewed every 1,3,6 months from baseline. At T0, T1, T2, T3 BOP, BS, PPD, CAL, percentage of pathological sites, R, valuation of adherent gingival and PI was taken. Results: Eventually of follow-up, BOP has decreased of-48,22%,-34,54%,-21,62% from T0 respectively of G1, G2, G3. The same has happened for BS. PPD has diminished of-1,41 mm,-0,97 mm and 0,11 mm from T0 in G1, G2 and G3 with a gain respectively in CAL of +0,7 mm, + 0,25 mm, + 0,14 mm from baseline and the percentage of pathological sites has reduced of-43,23%,-24,1%,-11,5%. In these parameters, G3 has had a relapse in T3 from T2. R and the valuation of adherent gingival had aggravation, but in G1 we have had the slightest loss of gingival tissue. PI has improved in all groups, but the best results were found in experimental groups. Conclusions: By comparing the results obtained between the control group and the experimental groups, there has been significant improvement at general level in G1, with significant reduction of all indices (p < 0.01). It has been proven a long-term functional protocol. In G3, however, there was recurrence in CAL (p < 0.05), BOP, BS, PPD (p < 0.01) and increased loss of gingival tissue.