Effects of experimental colitis in rats on incretin levels, inflammatory markers, and enteric neuronal function

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of chronic in-flammation on incretin levels, inflammatory markers, and enteric neuronal function measured in isolated preparations of smooth muscle of rat. Material and methods: We induced experimental colitis using 2,4-dinitro-benzenesulfonic acid (DNBS) in 17 Albino male Sprague-Dawley rats, while 16 rats were used as a control. They were housed in temperature-controlled rooms in a 12-h light/dark cycle at 22-24 degrees C and 50 to 60% humidity. We evaluated in both inflamed and healthy rats: fasting plasma glucose concentration, fasting plasma insulin, myeloperoxidase, active glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and GLP-2 levels, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). We also evaluated colonic longitudinal smooth muscle contractile activity. Results: Intrarectal administration of DNBS reduced body weight gain in in -flamed rats. We recorded higher levels of fasting plasma glucose, and insulin in inflamed rats. We observed higher levels of myeloperoxidase and CRP, and lower levels of ADN in inflamed rats. We recorded higher levels of GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 in inflamed rats compared to the healthy ones. Regarding functional response of colon intestinal smooth muscle after electrical stimulation, we recorded a lower functional response of colon intestinal smooth muscle after electrical stimulation in inflamed rats. Conclusions: We can conclude that chronic inflammation leads to an in-crease of incretin levels and to a decrease of functional response of colon intestinal smooth muscle after electrical stimulation.