This research aims at obtaining high-added value chemicals from renewable resources by using either a chemical or an enzymatic approach, as well as a combination of both. On one hand, glycerophosphoinositol (GPI) and glycerophosphocholine (GPC) which have anti-inflammatory and cognitive enhancer properties, respectively, were obtained from sunflower lecithin, a by-product of oil extraction and refining, by (phospho)lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of pre-treated lecithin. On the other hand, sugar fatty acid esters (SFAE), which are non-ionic emulsifiers, were synthesized by using lactose as well as its hydrolysis products (glucose and galactose) as raw materials. Lactose is the most abundant component of cheese whey, the main waste stream of dairy industry, that can be upgraded, indeed, as a pool of sugars and as a carbon source for microbial production of fatty acids/glycerides which constitute the “hydrophobic tail” of SFAE. A fine-tuning of the enzymatic/chemoenzymatic esterification/transesterification of the sugars with fatty acids/esters, respectively, was needed to overcome the opposite solubility profiles of the sugar “polar head” and the fatty acid “tail”. Derivatization of the sugar, investigation of non-conventional media (DES), and organocatalysis were explored to this aim.
L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è l’ottenimento di prodotti ad alto valore aggiunto da fonte rinnovabile mediante un approccio chimico, enzimatico, o chemoenzimatico. Nella prima parte della Tesi, il glicerofosfoinositolo (GPI) e la glicerofosfocolina (GPC), aventi rispettivamente proprietà antinfiammatorie e di cognitive enhancer, sono stati ottenuti dalla lecitina di girasole, un sottoprodotto dell'estrazione e della raffinazione dell’olio, mediante idrolisi enzimatica con lipasi e/o fosfolipasi. Nella seconda parte della Tesi, è stata intrapresa la sintesi di sugar fatty acid esters (SFAE), emulsionanti non ionici, utilizzando il lattosio e i suoi prodotti di idrolisi (glucosio e galattosio) come materia prima. Il lattosio è il componente più abbondante del siero di latte, il principale sottoprodotto dell'industria lattiero-casearia, che può quindi essere valorizzato come biomassa, nonchè come fonte di carbonio per la produzione, mediante fermentazione, di acidi grassi/gliceridi utilizzati per la sintesi di SFAE. Per lo studio delle reazioni di esterificazione/transesterificazione enzimatica/chemoenzimatica degli zuccheri con acidi grassi/esteri, rispettivamente, sono state applicate diverse strategie: derivatizzazione dello zucchero, uso di solventi non convenzionali (DES) e organocatalisi.
Biocatalysis for the sustainable production of bio-based ingredients from renewable resources
SEMPROLI, RICCARDO
2023-03-28
Abstract
This research aims at obtaining high-added value chemicals from renewable resources by using either a chemical or an enzymatic approach, as well as a combination of both. On one hand, glycerophosphoinositol (GPI) and glycerophosphocholine (GPC) which have anti-inflammatory and cognitive enhancer properties, respectively, were obtained from sunflower lecithin, a by-product of oil extraction and refining, by (phospho)lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of pre-treated lecithin. On the other hand, sugar fatty acid esters (SFAE), which are non-ionic emulsifiers, were synthesized by using lactose as well as its hydrolysis products (glucose and galactose) as raw materials. Lactose is the most abundant component of cheese whey, the main waste stream of dairy industry, that can be upgraded, indeed, as a pool of sugars and as a carbon source for microbial production of fatty acids/glycerides which constitute the “hydrophobic tail” of SFAE. A fine-tuning of the enzymatic/chemoenzymatic esterification/transesterification of the sugars with fatty acids/esters, respectively, was needed to overcome the opposite solubility profiles of the sugar “polar head” and the fatty acid “tail”. Derivatization of the sugar, investigation of non-conventional media (DES), and organocatalysis were explored to this aim.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
PhD thesis Definitiva PDF A.pdf
accesso aperto
Descrizione: Tesi definitiva: BIOCATALYSIS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIO-BASED INGREDIENTS FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Tipologia:
Tesi di dottorato
Dimensione
45.75 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
45.75 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.