A regional survey on nitrate contamination of the Po valley alluvial aquifer (Northern Italy).

The report shows how isotopic data (δ15NNO3, δ18ONO3, δ34SSO4, δ18OSO4 and δ11B) can lead to source apportionment or detection of natural attenuation of nitrate pollution in surface and groundwater, how this is complementary to existing water quality monitoring data and how this enables those involved in the implementation of environmental policy to develop more effective remedial measures and management strategies. The report also describes when and how to set up such studies, what can be expected as outcome and describes the benefits and limitations. The above topics are demonstrated via a number of case studies conducted in Europe where isotope data lead to a better understanding of the origin, degree of natural attenuation or transport processes of nitrate pollution in surface or groundwater. The report aims at creating awareness with environmental managers for the potential offered by the use of isotope data when tackling the environmental management of nitrate contamination in ground and surface water.