Allergy is a complex condition characterized by immune responses triggered by allergens, involving both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Macrophages and mast cells are key players in initiating allergic reactions, while T cells, B cells, and regulatory T cells have crucial roles in adaptive immunity. Allergic inflammation is mediated by various cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, which contribute to mast cell degranulation, cellular infiltration, and tissue remodeling. Mast cells, eosinophils, and basophil release mediators play significant roles in allergic responses. In addition to immune cells, structural epithelial cells and the neurological system contribute to allergic inflammation. Therapeutically, proinflammatory cytokines and upstream regulatory cytokines represent potential targets for precision medicine. By understanding the underlying mechanisms of allergic inflammation, targeted therapies can be developed to alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.
Basic Mechanisms of Allergy
Castagnoli R.;Senatore A. A.;Solfa M.;Marseglia G. L.;
2025-01-01
Abstract
Allergy is a complex condition characterized by immune responses triggered by allergens, involving both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Macrophages and mast cells are key players in initiating allergic reactions, while T cells, B cells, and regulatory T cells have crucial roles in adaptive immunity. Allergic inflammation is mediated by various cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, which contribute to mast cell degranulation, cellular infiltration, and tissue remodeling. Mast cells, eosinophils, and basophil release mediators play significant roles in allergic responses. In addition to immune cells, structural epithelial cells and the neurological system contribute to allergic inflammation. Therapeutically, proinflammatory cytokines and upstream regulatory cytokines represent potential targets for precision medicine. By understanding the underlying mechanisms of allergic inflammation, targeted therapies can be developed to alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
