Losses of heterozygosity in oral and oropharyngeal epithelial carcinomas.

We analyzed 25 oral and oropharyngeal epithelial carcinomas for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability by using 55 oligonucleotide repeat markers located in 45 chromosomal regions. The aim was to identify which chromosomal regions and tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) are preferentially lost in these tumors and to relate LOH at specific loci to clinicopathologic data. The analysis was performed on tumor tissue and on a corresponding normal tissue (blood lymphocytes) with the use of the polymerase chain reaction technique followed by microsatellite allele separation with denaturing gel electrophoresis. Thirty-two of 45 chromosomal regions demonstrated a significant (>/=20\%) incidence of LOH. An allelic loss of >/=50\% was found in 9p21 (77.8\%), 8p22-23 (70\%), 3p12 (61.5\%), 1p36.1 and 12q22 (60\%), 3q28 (57.1\%), 5q23.3 (54.5\%), 3p25-26, 3p24, and 7q35 (50\%). We did not find any microsatellite instability. Our results suggest that in addition to a group of TSGs, pleiotropic for several tumor types, other suppressor genes are specifically involved in oral and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis.