The role of the gaseous neurotransmitters nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) is unclear in terms of hypothalamic function. These agents are an important part of the peripheral inflammatory response; and their synthetic enzymes, NO synthase (NOS) and heme oxygenase (HO), respectively, have been localized to the hypothalamic PVN and SON. The induced generation of both NO and CO leads to the suppression of CRH and vasopressin, the major stimulators of the HPA. CO generation is also able to stimulate cyclooxygenase to produce prostaglandin E2, an established intermediary in the cytokine-stimulated activation of the HPA. Finally, inducible NOS mRNA is specifically induced in the hypothalalmus in response to endotoxin, in parallel to interleukin-1. In this review all data on the effetcs of endotoxin, NO and CO on hypothalamus are reviewed.
Acute and subacute effects of endotoxin on hypothalamic gaseous neuromodulators
COSTA, ALFREDO;
1998-01-01
Abstract
The role of the gaseous neurotransmitters nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) is unclear in terms of hypothalamic function. These agents are an important part of the peripheral inflammatory response; and their synthetic enzymes, NO synthase (NOS) and heme oxygenase (HO), respectively, have been localized to the hypothalamic PVN and SON. The induced generation of both NO and CO leads to the suppression of CRH and vasopressin, the major stimulators of the HPA. CO generation is also able to stimulate cyclooxygenase to produce prostaglandin E2, an established intermediary in the cytokine-stimulated activation of the HPA. Finally, inducible NOS mRNA is specifically induced in the hypothalalmus in response to endotoxin, in parallel to interleukin-1. In this review all data on the effetcs of endotoxin, NO and CO on hypothalamus are reviewed.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
