Design, synthesis and evaluation of new GEQ derivatives as inhibitors of InhA enzyme and Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth.

A series of fluorene-based derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting both InhA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. These compounds were inspired by the previously reported Genz-10850 molecule, a good InhA inhibitor, but with a poor activity against M. tuberculosis growth. Structure-activity relationships were performed by introducing the following chemical modifications: 1) the piperazine ring; 2) the amide group; 3) the aryl moiety; and 4) the fluorene moiety. Among these new derivatives, one of them was more effective against both the InhA activity and mycobacterial growth, compared to the hit compound. Docking studies were also performed to rationalize activities of these derivatives. Furthermore, we showed for the first time that efflux pump inhibitors potentiated the efficacy of Genz-10850 (GEQ) derivatives against M. tuberculosis growth, demonstrating that these compounds could be substrates of some efflux pumps.