Ionizing radiation, a source of genetic variability, is used in association with in vitro regeneration to develop novel plant varieties with relevant traits (Mutation Breeding). Protocols currently available need to be improved in order to increase mutation frequency and enhance commercial exploitation. Within the MUTAFLOR project, we have started an investigation aimed at obtaining optimized protocols based on gamma-ray-mutagenesis applied to micropropagated plants, with the final goal of inducing novel ornamental traits, starting from commercially relevant genotypes. Different Gerbera, Vinca, Pelargonium, Petunia x hybrida and Calibrachoa genotypes, of established commercial value (from Albani e Ruggeri) were tested for in vitro plat regeneration, as essential feature required to develop an effective mutation breeding protocol. The response to gamma irradiation of one commercially valuable Petunia x hybrida genotype was analysed as a function of dose rate. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and the occurrence of mutants with favorable phenotypes were evaluated. The agronomic field trials (summer 2011) carried out with 22 mutagenized Petunia x hybrida vM1 lines revealed one line with significant differences in plant morphology, compared with control plants (the mother plant and the explant donor, respectively). Seeds derived from self-fertilization were obtained in 8 mutagenized Petunia x hybrida lines and the control plants. Seedlings are currently grown to obtain M2 progeny. Results are discussed in view of the usefulness for supporting effective mutation breeding in ornamental species.
Mutagenesi fisica per il miglioramento genetico in varietà commerciali micropropagate
BALESTRAZZI, ALMA;MACOVEI, ANCA;CARBONERA, DANIELA;VENTURA, LORENZO;BUTTAFAVA, ARMANDO;
2012-01-01
Abstract
Ionizing radiation, a source of genetic variability, is used in association with in vitro regeneration to develop novel plant varieties with relevant traits (Mutation Breeding). Protocols currently available need to be improved in order to increase mutation frequency and enhance commercial exploitation. Within the MUTAFLOR project, we have started an investigation aimed at obtaining optimized protocols based on gamma-ray-mutagenesis applied to micropropagated plants, with the final goal of inducing novel ornamental traits, starting from commercially relevant genotypes. Different Gerbera, Vinca, Pelargonium, Petunia x hybrida and Calibrachoa genotypes, of established commercial value (from Albani e Ruggeri) were tested for in vitro plat regeneration, as essential feature required to develop an effective mutation breeding protocol. The response to gamma irradiation of one commercially valuable Petunia x hybrida genotype was analysed as a function of dose rate. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and the occurrence of mutants with favorable phenotypes were evaluated. The agronomic field trials (summer 2011) carried out with 22 mutagenized Petunia x hybrida vM1 lines revealed one line with significant differences in plant morphology, compared with control plants (the mother plant and the explant donor, respectively). Seeds derived from self-fertilization were obtained in 8 mutagenized Petunia x hybrida lines and the control plants. Seedlings are currently grown to obtain M2 progeny. Results are discussed in view of the usefulness for supporting effective mutation breeding in ornamental species.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
