Study of heavy-flavor quarks produced in association with top-quark pairs at √s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Using a sample of dilepton top-quark pair (t¯t) candidate events, a study is performed of the production of top-quark pairs together with heavy-flavor (HF) quarks, the sum of t¯t þ b þ X and t¯t þ c þ X, collectively referred to as t¯t þ HF. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The presence of additional HF (b or c) quarks in the t¯t sample is inferred by looking for events with at least three b-tagged jets, where two are attributed to the b quarks from the t¯t decays and the third to additional HF production. The dominant background to t¯t þ HF in this sample is t¯t þ jet events in which a light-flavor jet is misidentified as a heavy-flavor jet. To determine the heavy- and light-flavor content of the additional b-tagged jets, a fit to the vertex mass distribution of b-tagged jets in the sample is performed. The result of the fit shows that 79 +- 14 (stat)+- 22 (syst) of the 105 selected extra b-tagged jets originate from HF quarks, 3 standard deviations away from the hypothesis of zero t¯t + HF production. The result for extra HF production is quoted as a ratio (RHF) of the cross section for t¯t + HF production to the cross section for t¯t production with at least one additional jet. Both cross sections are measured in a fiducial kinematic region within the ATLAS acceptance. RHF is measured to be (6.2 +- 1.1(stat) +- 1.8(syst))% for jets with pT > 25 GeV and η < 2.5, in agreement with the expectations from Monte Carlo generators.