Background: Data regarding the clinical outcome of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis are scant. We aimed to describe the 12-month clinical outcome of patients with ICI-induced colitis. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, European, multicentre study. Endoscopy/histology-proven ICI-induced colitis patients were enrolled. The 12-month clinical remission rate, defined as a Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events diarrhoea grade of 0-1, and the correlates of 12-month remission were assessed. Results: Ninety-six patients [male:female ratio 1.5:1; median age 65 years, interquartile range (IQR) 55.5-71.5 years] were included. Lung cancer (41, 42.7%) and melanoma (30, 31.2%) were the most common cancers. ICI-related gastrointestinal symptoms occurred at a median time of 4 months (IQR 2-7 months). An inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like pattern was present in 74 patients (77.1%) [35 (47.3%) ulcerative colitis (UC)-like, 11 (14.9%) Crohn's disease (CD)-like, 28 (37.8%) IBD-like unclassified], while microscopic colitis was present in 19 patients (19.8%). As a first line, systemic steroids were the most prescribed drugs (65, 67.7%). The 12-month clinical remission rate was 47.7 per 100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI) 33.5-67.8). ICI was discontinued due to colitis in 66 patients (79.5%). A CD-like pattern was associated with remission failure (hazard ratio 3.84, 95% CI 1.16-12.69). Having histopathological signs of microscopic colitis (P = 0.049) and microscopic versus UC-/CD-like colitis (P = 0.014) were associated with a better outcome. Discontinuing the ICI was not related to the 12-month remission (P = 0.483). Four patients (3.1%) died from ICI-induced colitis. Conclusions: Patients with IBD-like colitis may need an early and more aggressive treatment. Future studies should focus on how to improve long-term clinical outcomes.
A 1-year follow-up study on checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: results from a European consortium
Lenti, M. V.
;Pedrazzoli, P.;Lasagna, A.;Vanoli, A.;Gambini, G.;Santacroce, G.;Rossi, C. M.;Delliponti, M.;Klersy, C.;Corazza, G. R.;Di Sabatino, A.
;Mengoli, C.;Aronico, N.;Lepore, F.;Broglio, G.;Merli, S.;Alimenti, E.;Scalvini, D.;Agustoni, F.;Pagani, A.;Corallo, S.;Musella, V.;Locati, L. D.;Schiepatti, A.;Biagi, F.;De Lisi, G.
2024-01-01
Abstract
Background: Data regarding the clinical outcome of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis are scant. We aimed to describe the 12-month clinical outcome of patients with ICI-induced colitis. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective, European, multicentre study. Endoscopy/histology-proven ICI-induced colitis patients were enrolled. The 12-month clinical remission rate, defined as a Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events diarrhoea grade of 0-1, and the correlates of 12-month remission were assessed. Results: Ninety-six patients [male:female ratio 1.5:1; median age 65 years, interquartile range (IQR) 55.5-71.5 years] were included. Lung cancer (41, 42.7%) and melanoma (30, 31.2%) were the most common cancers. ICI-related gastrointestinal symptoms occurred at a median time of 4 months (IQR 2-7 months). An inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like pattern was present in 74 patients (77.1%) [35 (47.3%) ulcerative colitis (UC)-like, 11 (14.9%) Crohn's disease (CD)-like, 28 (37.8%) IBD-like unclassified], while microscopic colitis was present in 19 patients (19.8%). As a first line, systemic steroids were the most prescribed drugs (65, 67.7%). The 12-month clinical remission rate was 47.7 per 100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI) 33.5-67.8). ICI was discontinued due to colitis in 66 patients (79.5%). A CD-like pattern was associated with remission failure (hazard ratio 3.84, 95% CI 1.16-12.69). Having histopathological signs of microscopic colitis (P = 0.049) and microscopic versus UC-/CD-like colitis (P = 0.014) were associated with a better outcome. Discontinuing the ICI was not related to the 12-month remission (P = 0.483). Four patients (3.1%) died from ICI-induced colitis. Conclusions: Patients with IBD-like colitis may need an early and more aggressive treatment. Future studies should focus on how to improve long-term clinical outcomes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
